Tổng Quan
- Danh pháp khoa học
- Myroxylon balsamum (L.) Harms var. balsamum
- Họ thực vật
- Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
- Bộ phận dùng
- Balsam resin (trunk-incision exudate)
- Phương pháp chiết xuất
- Solvent extraction (ethanol) for resinoid; rare steam-distillation for EO
- Màu sắc
- —
- Phân loại nốt hương
- Nốt Base
- Hương thơm
- —
- Chemotype / Cultivar
- —
Các quốc gia sản xuất chính
Tình trạng tại Việt Nam
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balsamic-warm, vanilla-sweet, resinous-amber, slightly cinnamic-spicy, honey-floral, soft-woody, classical-perfumery-base, slightly-medicinal, sweet-incense, dry-resin
balsamic ấm, vani ngọt, nhựa hổ phách, hơi quế cay, mật ong hoa, gỗ dịu, hương nền cổ điển, hơi y dược, nhang ngọt, nhựa khô
2–4 giờ
Tên gọi tại Việt Nam
Pha Chế & Hòa Hợp
Benzyl benzoate (46.6%) and benzoic acid (2.5%) vapors, used in balsamic steam inhalation, traditionally loosen bronchial mucus; parallels Compound Tincture of Benzoin respiratory preparations documented in classical pharmacy.
Ref: James et al 1984 (Compound Tincture of Benzoin cross-reference); class-extrapolation from balsam-resinoid class
Benzoic acid (2.5%) — a recognised pharmaceutical preservative — combined with benzyl benzoate (46.6%) exerts antimicrobial activity against skin surface bacteria and fungi at the 2% dermal application ceiling.
Ref: class-extrapolation from benzoic acid class (B216 Chapter 14 — Benzoic acid profile)
Balsamic resinoids rich in benzyl esters and cinnamic acid derivatives (2.7% cinnamic acid, 1.5% cinnamyl cinnamate) form a protective film over minor lesions; traditional pharmacopoeia use in wound dressings and Friar's Balsam preparations.
Ref: Traditional pharmacopoeia use; Tisserand & Young 2014 (B216 p.866-867)
Warm vanilla-balsamic olfactory profile (vanillin 1.4%, benzyl alcohol 41.8%) activates olfactory-limbic pathways traditionally associated with calming and emotional grounding in aromatic practice.
Ref: Traditional aromatherapy use; class-extrapolation from warm-balsamic olfactory class
Cinnamic acid (2.7%) and cinnamyl cinnamate (1.5%) show preclinical anti-inflammatory activity via prostaglandin-pathway modulation in the cinnamic acid class; no specific tolu balsam study available.
Ref: class-extrapolation from cinnamic acid constituent class; no direct study cited in available §13
AI-summary
No RCT-grade clinical evidence for therapeutic efficacy was located in available citations. The primary clinical data (Opdyke 1976, 2%/25 volunteers, RIFM) demonstrates safety rather than efficacy: neither irritating nor sensitizing at 2%, acute oral LD50 rat >5 g/kg. Salam & Fowler (2001) document three confirmed tolu balsam sensitization cases, all cross-reactive to Peru balsam, establishing the cross-sensitivity class rail and supporting the T&Y 2.0% adult dermal hard cap. Traditional expectorant and wound-healing use is documented via Compound Tincture of Benzoin pharmacopoeia preparations (James et al 1984) but no controlled aromatherapy efficacy trials have been published.
NarrativeTâm trạng: Calming, Grounding
Chakra
sacral
Ngũ hành
tho
| Phương pháp | Liều lượng | Ghi chú |
|---|---|---|
| Diffusion | 2-3 drops in 100 ml water | Pre-dilute in carrier before adding to reservoir. Blend with citrus or conifer top notes to lift the heavy base. Max 30 min/session. Limit use for sensitisation-prone individuals. |
| Topical massage (chest/back) | Max 2% in carrier oil (~4 drops per 10 ml) | Hard cap 2% per T&Y absolute. Patch test required — Peru-balsam cross-sensitivity risk (Salam & Fowler 2001). Avoid hypersensitive or damaged skin. Avoid children under 2. |
| Steam inhalation | 1-2 drops in 500 ml hot water | Traditional balsamic respiratory use. Pre-disperse resinoid in carrier first. Max 5 min/session. Avoid for asthmatic individuals. Parallels Compound Tincture of Benzoin method. |
| Skincare blend | 0.5-1% in facial or body product | Keep at 0.5% for daily-use to limit cumulative sensitisation. AVOID on sensitive or reactive skin. Avoid patients with confirmed Peru-balsam or fragrance-mix hypersensitivity. |
| Personal inhaler (cotton wick) | 3-4 drops on cotton wick | Portable grounding use for anxiety. Lower sensitisation risk via inhalation vs dermal route. Blend with bergamot or frankincense for synergy. Replace wick monthly. |
Dầu nền phù hợp
Kết hợp tốt với
Blend kinh điển
An Toàn
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Thai kỳ & Cho con bú
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