Tổng Quan
- Danh pháp khoa học
- Pimenta dioica L.
- Họ thực vật
- Myrtaceae
- Bộ phận dùng
- Fresh or partially dried leaves (mature green leaves harvested year-round)
- Phương pháp chiết xuất
- Steam distillation
- Màu sắc
- —
- Phân loại nốt hương
- Nốt Middle
- Hương thơm
- —
- Chemotype / Cultivar
- —
Các quốc gia sản xuất chính
Tình trạng tại Việt Nam
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Eugenol-rich-warm-spicy-clove-like, slightly-medicinal-camphoraceous via 1,8-cineole 1.8–3.2%, woody-spicy-base via β-caryophyllene + α-caryophyllene + γ-cadinene + caryophyllene oxide, classical-bay-rum heritage character, slightly-coarser-cruder profile vs berry EO (B216 explicit "berry has superior odor"), persistent-warm-aromatic depth, classical Caribbean-spice-aromatic profile, middle-note position with woody-base persistence
Cay ấm phong phú từ eugenol, hơi camphoraceous-y dược liệu từ 1,8-cineole 1.8-3.2%, đáy gỗ cay từ β-caryophyllene + α-caryophyllene + γ-cadinene + caryophyllene oxide, đặc trưng di sản bay rum cổ điển, profile thô hơn quả mọng (B216 explicit "quả mọng có hương vị vượt trội"), độ sâu ấm thơm dai dẳng, profile gia vị Caribbean cổ điển, vị trí nốt giữa với đáy gỗ dai dẳng
2–4 giờ
Tên gọi tại Việt Nam
Pha Chế & Hòa Hợp
Eugenol (66–84%) reversibly blocks voltage-gated sodium channels and inhibits substance-P release at peripheral nociceptors, producing localised pain-numbing and warming sensation.
Ref: class-extrapolation from eugenol profile — B216 Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.14; Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13 p.766–767
Eugenol inhibits COX-1 and COX-2 cyclooxygenase enzymes, reducing prostaglandin and thromboxane A2 synthesis, with downstream anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects on inflamed tissue.
Ref: class-extrapolation from eugenol profile — B216 Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.14; Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13 p.766–767
Eugenol disrupts bacterial and fungal cell membrane integrity, denatures membrane-bound proteins, and inhibits ATP synthesis; broad-spectrum in-vitro activity is well-documented at eugenol-class concentrations.
Ref: class-extrapolation from eugenol profile — B216 Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.14; Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13 p.766–767
Pimenta dioica leaf hydroalcoholic extract demonstrated antioxidant and antimutagenic activity in vitro; eugenol is the principal phenolic constituent believed to drive radical-scavenging capacity.
Ref: Ramos et al (2003) — hydroalcoholic Pimenta dioica leaf EXTRACT (NOT steam-distilled EO); cited in B216 Ch.13 p.766
Eugenol inhibits collagen- and ADP-induced platelet aggregation and reduces thromboxane B2 formation in vitro; clinically potentiates warfarin, heparin, aspirin, clopidogrel, and NSAIDs.
Ref: Janssens et al (1990); Rasheed et al (1984) — cardiovascular effects; both cited in B216 Ch.13 p.767; B216 Box 7.1
Eugenol produces significant MAO-A inhibition in vitro, reducing serotonin degradation; creates drug interaction risk with SSRIs, MAOIs, and pethidine at systemic exposure levels.
Ref: Tao et al (2005) — eugenol MAO-A inhibition; cited in B216 Ch.13 p.767 and Table 4.10B drug-interaction list
AI-summary
Opdyke (1974) applied pimento leaf EO at 12% in 25 human volunteers: no irritation, no sensitization, non-phototoxic — the most direct human safety study available for this EO. Acute oral and dermal LD₅₀ data from the same report support a favourable acute-toxicity profile at appropriate dilutions. Ramos et al (2003) demonstrated antioxidant and antimutagenic activity for a hydroalcoholic Pimenta dioica leaf extract in vitro; this is an extract study, not the steam-distilled EO, and cannot be directly extrapolated to aromatherapy dosing. No published RCT-grade clinical evidence for the steam-distilled leaf EO in aromatherapy applications was located. Most therapeutic actions rest on constituent-level eugenol class-extrapolation from B216 Chapter 14.
NarrativeTâm trạng: Stimulating, Grounding
Chakra
sacral
Ngũ hành
kim
| Phương pháp | Liều lượng | Ghi chú |
|---|---|---|
| Diffusion | 2–4 drops in 100 ml water | Spicy-warming aromatic; limit to 30–60 min sessions. Ventilate between uses. Avoid around infants, asthmatics, or those with eugenol sensitivity. |
| Topical massage | 0.5% in carrier oil (1 drop per 10 ml) | Adult dermal cap 0.6% — work at 0.5% for safety margin. Patch test 48h mandatory. Avoid on sensitive, broken, or inflamed skin. |
| Compress | 2–3 drops in 500 ml warm water | Warm compress for localised muscular aches or joint stiffness. Wring cloth well; apply 10–15 min. Avoid broken or sensitised skin areas. |
| Inhalation (steam) | 1–2 drops in bowl of steaming water | Eyes closed; inhale 5–10 min. Not for children under 12 — high-eugenol vapour can irritate respiratory mucosa at concentrated inhalation. |
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