Tổng Quan
- Danh pháp khoa học
- Pastinaca sativa L.
- Họ thực vật
- Apiaceae (older nomenclature: Umbelliferae)
- Bộ phận dùng
- Roots (primary) — fruiting/flowering tops also distillable per B216 EXPLICIT "The fruiting or flowering tops may be distilled in addition to the roots"
- Phương pháp chiết xuất
- Steam distillation
- Màu sắc
- —
- Phân loại nốt hương
- Nốt Top
- Hương thơm
- —
- Chemotype / Cultivar
- —
Các quốc gia sản xuất chính
Tình trạng tại Việt Nam
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Earthy-rooty, sweet-spicy-warm, slightly-aromatic-aniseed-undertone, vegetable-root character, terpinolene-piney-fresh top, myristicin-warm-spice background, distinctive-parsnip-character similar to root vegetable, mild-Apiaceae-aromatic, balsamic-warm undertones, Northern-European-temperate-root distillation profile
Hương đất-rễ, ngọt cay ấm, hơi thoáng hương hồi, đặc trưng rau củ rễ, terpinolene tươi thông ở đầu, myristicin nền cay ấm, đặc trưng parsnip giống củ rau, Apiaceae aromatic nhẹ, hậu balsamic ấm, profile chưng cất rễ ôn đới Bắc Âu
2–4 giờ
Tên gọi tại Việt Nam
Pha Chế & Hòa Hợp
Myristicin (17.2–40.1%) inhibits monoamine oxidase in rodent studies, elevating serotonin/dopamine availability; can potentiate pethidine, SSRIs, and MAO-inhibitor medications to clinically dangerous levels even at low aromatherapy exposures.
Ref: Truitt et al (1963) — myristicin MAO-inhibition rodent study; Reynolds (1993) — pethidine + MAO-inhibitor drug-interaction warning; B216 Table 4.10B
Myristicin induces hepatic glutathione S-transferase (GST), a Phase II detoxification enzyme with tumour-suppressive activity in rodent models; trace (+)-limonene also carries anticarcinogenic class-rail in preclinical studies. Research context only — NOT a therapeutic claim.
Ref: B216 Ch.14 myristicin profile (GST-induction research context, NOT therapeutic claim); B216 Ch.14 (+)-limonene anticarcinogenic class-rail
Terpinolene (40.3–69.0%), the extreme-dominant constituent, is a hydrogen-donating monoterpene with free-radical scavenging activity established at the constituent level in vitro; no parsnip EO-specific antioxidant study located.
Ref: class-extrapolation from terpinolene-rich EOs (B216 Ch.14 terpinolene profile); Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13 p.747
β-Myrcene (7.8–23.8%) has demonstrated peripheral analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity in rodent models via opioid and prostaglandin pathways; class-extrapolation from myrcene-dominant EOs — not confirmed for parsnip EO at 0.5% dilution.
Ref: class-extrapolation from β-myrcene analgesic class-rail (Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.14 myrcene profile)
Terpinolene and β-phellandrene (6.7–19.5%) show moderate in vitro antimicrobial activity in peer Apiaceae root EO contexts; no species-specific parsnip EO antimicrobial data available.
Ref: class-extrapolation from terpinolene monoterpene-hydrocarbon class-rail (B216 Ch.14 terpinolene)
Pastinaca sativa roots have millennia of traditional carminative and appetitive use documented from Roman Apicius through medieval herbalism; however concentrated EO is not bioequivalent to culinary root — this effect belongs strictly to the plant-use rail.
Ref: Apicius Roman cookbook (~4th-century) culinary heritage; Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13 p.747 (EO-vs-plant distinction)
AI-summary
No RCT-grade clinical evidence located for parsnip essential oil in aromatherapy. Strongest evidence is pharmacological: myristicin MAO-inhibition demonstrated in rodent studies (Truitt et al 1963) and the drug interaction with pethidine and MAO-inhibitor medications is a clinical-class warning per Reynolds (1993) and B216 Table 4.10B. Phytophotodermatitis from intact parsnip plant is clinically confirmed (Bang Pedersen & Pla Arles 1998; Berenbaum et al 1984; Zangerl et al 1997), but the isolated EO has not been formally tested for phototoxicity per B216 explicit caveat. Preclinical anticarcinogenic signals exist via myristicin GST-induction and (+)-limonene class-rail (B216 Ch.14), but these are in vitro/rodent findings only and must not be stated as therapeutic claims. Primary commercial use is in the flavoring industry, not aromatherapy.
NarrativeTâm trạng: Grounding, Stimulating
Chakra
root
Ngũ hành
moc
| Phương pháp | Liều lượng | Ghi chú |
|---|---|---|
| Diffusion | 2–3 drops per 100ml water, max 30 min/session | Lowest-risk route. Limit to 30 min; ventilate between sessions. Avoid near clients on pethidine, SSRIs, or MAO-inhibitors. (Khuếch tán: tối đa 30 phút, thông gió.) |
| Topical massage | 0.5% in carrier oil (1 drop per 10ml carrier) | Hard-cap 0.5% body (phototoxic-untested Apiaceae class). Avoid UV/sun 12–24h post-application. Mandatory patch test. Avoid face and mucous membranes. |
| Rinse-off formulation | Up to 2% in shampoo or shower gel base | Rinsing reduces furanocoumarin contact time; preferred over leave-on above 0.5%. Avoid as bath oil. (Sản phẩm rửa trôi: lên tới 2%, không ngâm bồn.) |
| Compress | 2–3 drops in 500ml warm water; soak cloth, wring, apply to covered site | Short-duration covered compress limits UV exposure and transdermal absorption. Remove before sun exposure; do not apply to face. |
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