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Tinh dầu bạc hà chanh-cam

Mint (bergamot)

Mentha aquatica L. var. citrata (Her.) Fresen

Top/MiddleCam chanh

Cam chanh hoa cỏ Eau-de-Cologne, ngọt bergamot bạc hà tươi, oải hương phụ tầng linalyl-acetate, sạch xà phòng mỹ phẩm đặc trưng, thảo mộc Mentha phụ tầng, hợp âm bergamot-oải-bạc-hà, nước hoa ngọt thơm cologne

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Tóm Tắt Khoa Học

Từ Thư Viện Kinh Điển

Mint (bergamot) essential oil (Mentha aquatica L. var. citrata (Her.) Fresen, Lamiaceae = Labiatae mint family — same family as marjoram-spanish EO766 25a + thyme + oregano + sage + rosemary + basil + mint cluster) is a linalyl-acetate-linalool-CO-DOMINANT 34.0–57.3% + 24.9–55.2% combined ~70–90% aerial-parts-distilled clean linalyl-ester-class EO with CLEAN T&Y "None known × 2" hazard signature framework 5% + IFRA 2009 linalool-peroxide-control class-rail. B216 Ch.13 p.699–700 cites Lawrence 1979 chemistry: linalyl acetate 34.0–57.3% (dominant) + linalool 24.9–55.2% (co-dominant) + β-terpineol 1.0–2.8% + 1,8-cineole 0.5–2.3% + geranyl acetate 0.7–1.8% + (E)-linalool oxide 1.3–1.7% + (Z)-linalool oxide 1.2–1.6% + 3-octyl acetate 0.7–1.2%. Hazard signature B216 EXPLICIT verbatim: "Hazards: None known. Contraindications: None known." CRITICAL species-disambiguation 5-WAY-MENTHA-GENUS rail B216 EXPLICIT comments verbatim: "The plant has been designated as a variety of peppermint (Mentha × piperita L. var. citrata Ehrh.) but seems more likely to be a selection of Mentha aquatica, the correct infraspecific taxon of which is not known (Craker and Simon 1986 p.55)." → mint-bergamot is Mentha aquatica var. citrata (CRITICAL NOT M. × piperita peppermint EO059 menthol-CT, NOT M. arvensis cornmint EO060 menthol-CT, NOT M. spicata spearmint carvone-CT, NOT M. longifolia wild forest mint piperitone-oxide-CT EO769 future). CRITICAL cross-genus-disambiguation rail: mint-bergamot is Mentha genus Lamiaceae NOT Citrus bergamia bergamot Rutaceae EO032 — same common name "bergamot" 2 commercially distinct EOs across 2 different families + 2 different chemotypes (linalyl-acetate-linalool-Mentha-aerial vs linalyl-acetate-furanocoumarin-Citrus-rind FCF-vs-expressed). Adverse-skin-reactions clean-class-rail B216 EXPLICIT verbatim Ford et al 1992 p.73S: undiluted slight to moderate edema and erythema on guinea pigs; tested at 8% on 25 volunteers it was neither irritating nor sensitizing. No phototoxic effects in mice clean-class-rail B216 EXPLICIT verbatim Ford et al 1992 ("No phototoxic effects were produced in mice"). Linalool-IFRA-2009-peroxide-control class-rail B216 EXPLICIT verbatim: "essential oils rich in linalool should only be used when the level of peroxides is kept to the lowest practical value. The addition of antioxidants such as 0.1% BHT or α-tocopherol at the time of production is recommended." → mandatory antioxidant for linalool-rich + linalool-oxide-trace EO; 1,8-cineole-antioxidant-property class-rail B216 EXPLICIT ("but 1,8-cineole has antioxidant properties"). Acute-toxicity clean-class-rail B216 EXPLICIT Ford et al 1992 p.73S: acute oral LD50 in rats ~5 g/kg; acute dermal LD50 in rabbits > 5 g/kg. No-carcinogen-class B216 EXPLICIT verbatim: no information found, but contains no known carcinogens. Adulteration-quality rail B216 EXPLICIT Burfield 2003: "May be adulterated with added linalyl acetate and linalool" → market quality concern Mentha-aquatica-fragmented-supply class. Linalyl-acetate-linalool-CO-DOMINANCE class peer: [[bergamot-fcf]] EO032 (Citrus bergamia FCF-rind ~50%+30% linalyl acetate+linalool combined) + [[lavender-true]] (linalyl acetate ~40%+linalool ~40%) + [[lavandin-grosso/abrialis/super]] (linalyl acetate ~30-40% + linalool ~25-35%) + [[bergamot-wild]] EO688 14b (similar shape Monarda fistulosa) + [[clary-sage]] (linalyl acetate ~70%+linalool ~20%) + neroli (smaller pct) + petitgrain bigarade (similar). Lamiaceae-Mentha-genus-aromatic-EO peer: mint-bergamot (this oil — M. aquatica var. citrata linalyl-acetate-linalool-CT) + peppermint M. × piperita EO059 (menthol-CT) + cornmint M. arvensis EO060 (menthol-CT) + spearmint M. spicata (carvone-CT) + wild forest mint M. longifolia (piperitone-oxide-CT) + American horsemint M. aquatica base species + watermint M. aquatica (parent); class-rail Mentha-genus chemistry diversity. Closes Mini-Batch 25a heterogeneity-progression between [[marjoram-spanish]] EO766 25a (Lamiaceae cineole-major-dominance children-face-contra) → [[mastic]] EO767 25a (Anacardiaceae α-pinene-extreme T&Y-EXPLICIT-20pct-cap MANDATORY-refrigerated) → [[mint-bergamot]] (this oil — Lamiaceae Mentha aquatica linalyl-acetate-linalool-DOMINANT clean cross-species).

🍊
Thận trọngNốt Top/MiddleCitrus-floral-Eau-de-Cologne-bergamot-mint + sweet-bergamot-lavender-fresh-undertone + Lamia...

Mint (bergamot)

Tinh dầu bạc hà chanh-cam (bergamot mint)

Mentha aquatica L. var. citrata (Her.) Fresen

Tinh dầu bạc hà chanh-cam (bergamot mint) — Citrus-floral-Eau-de-Cologne-bergamot-mint + sweet-bergamot-lavender-fresh-undertone + Lamia...

⚠️Tinh dầu này cần thận trọng khi sử dụng. Đọc kỹ hướng dẫn an toàn.

Tổng Quan

Danh pháp khoa học
Mentha aquatica L. var. citrata (Her.) Fresen
Họ thực vật
Lamiaceae
Bộ phận dùng
Aerial parts
Phương pháp chiết xuất
steam_distillation
Màu sắc
Phân loại nốt hương
Nốt Top/Middle
Hương thơm
Chemotype / Cultivar

Các quốc gia sản xuất chính

USAFranceItalyHungary

Tình trạng tại Việt Nam

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Phân loại nốt
Top-Middle
Cường độ
3/5
Độ bền trên da
2–4 giờ
Họ hương
Citrus-floral-Eau-de-Cologne-bergamot-mint + sweet-bergamot-lavender-fresh-undertone + Lamia...
Hương đầu (Opening)(0–15 phút)

Citrus-floral-Eau-de-Cologne, sweet-bergamot-mint-fresh, lavender-undertone-linalyl-acetate-DOMINANT, clean-soapy-cosmetic-character, herbaceous-Mentha-aerial-undertone, bergamot-lavender-mint-fusion, sweet-aromatic-cologne-class

Hương giữa (Heart)(15–60 phút)

Cam chanh hoa cỏ Eau-de-Cologne, ngọt bergamot bạc hà tươi, oải hương phụ tầng linalyl-acetate, sạch xà phòng mỹ phẩm đặc trưng, thảo mộc Mentha phụ tầng, hợp âm bergamot-oải-bạc-hà, nước hoa ngọt thơm cologne

Hương nền (Drydown)(1–4 giờ)

2–4 giờ

Cường độ hương
3/5
Da khô
4/5

Da dầu/mụn
3/5

Da lão hóa
4/5

Da thường
5/5

Da nhạy cảm
4/5

Da hỗn hợp
4/5

Nhập khẩuImported

Tên gọi tại Việt Nam

Tinh dầu bạc hà chanh-cam (bergamot mint)

Pha Chế & Hòa Hợp

anxiolytic / relaxant

Linalool (24.9–55.2%) modulates GABA-A receptors and inhibits NMDA-mediated excitation, producing sedative-relaxant effects; linalyl acetate (34–57.3%) amplifies CNS calming at the ester level.

Ref: class-extrapolation from B216 Ch.14 Linalool profile + B216 Ch.14 Linalyl acetate profile

antispasmodic

Linalyl acetate and linalool at 70–90% combined confer smooth-muscle relaxant activity; the ester fraction is the primary antispasmodic driver via inhibition of neurogenic contraction.

Ref: class-extrapolation from B216 Ch.14 Linalyl acetate profile; Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13 p.699

skin-soothing / mild anti-inflammatory

Linalool inhibits arachidonic acid-mediated inflammatory pathways and suppresses NF-κB signalling at low concentrations, providing topical skin-calming and mild anti-inflammatory activity.

Ref: class-extrapolation from B216 Ch.14 Linalool constituent profile

mood-uplifting / mild antidepressant

Linalyl acetate-dominant citrus-floral volatiles activate olfactory cortex–limbic pathways to elevate mood; linalool reinforces dopaminergic and serotonergic tone through limbic modulation.

Ref: Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13 p.699 (traditional use); class-extrapolation from B216 Ch.14 Linalool and Linalyl acetate profiles

mild antimicrobial

Linalool disrupts microbial membrane integrity; trace 1,8-cineole (0.5–2.3%) contributes supplementary bacteriostatic activity, producing a modest broad-spectrum antimicrobial effect.

Ref: class-extrapolation from B216 Ch.14 Linalool profile; B216 Ch.14 1,8-Cineole profile

deodorant / freshening

Fresh citrus-floral linalyl acetate volatiles mask malodour; mild linalool antimicrobial activity reduces odour-causing micro-organisms; recognised in the classical Eau de Cologne tradition.

Ref: Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13 p.699 (Eau de Cologne classical perfumery heritage)

AI-summary

No RCT-grade therapeutic efficacy studies located for Mentha aquatica var. citrata specifically. The primary published data (Ford et al 1992) is a dermal safety study: bergamot mint at 8% applied to 25 volunteers produced neither irritation nor sensitization; mice confirmed non-phototoxic; acute oral LD50 rats ~5 g/kg; acute dermal LD50 rabbits >5 g/kg — indicating low acute hazard. Therapeutic claims rest on constituent-level evidence: linalool and linalyl acetate (70–90% combined) have independent literature supporting anxiolytic, antispasmodic, and anti-inflammatory activity (B216 Ch.14). Traditional aromatherapy use for relaxation, mood, and skin support is widely accepted but not confirmed by controlled trials specific to this oil.

Narrative

Tâm trạng: Uplifting, Balancing

claritylightnessserenityjoyeasefreshness

Chakra

heart

Ngũ hành

moc

Phương phápLiều lượngGhi chú
Diffusion3–5 drops per 100 ml water30–45 min sessions with breaks for relaxation and mood support. Use fresh, antioxidant-stabilised stock (IFRA 2009 linalool peroxide-control mandate). Blends well with florals and light citruses.
Topical massage1–2% in carrier oil (max adult 5%)Ford 1992 confirmed non-irritating at 8%; 1–2% gives ample safety margin. Use 1% full-body, 2% localised. Light carriers (jojoba, sweet almond) complement the fresh-floral profile.
Skincare blend0.5–1% in face or body formulationSuits most skin types. Use 0.5% for sensitive skin. Avoid damaged or broken skin. Prefer oxidation-stable carriers to limit linalool peroxide risk in formulations stored beyond 3 months.
Personal inhaler4–6 drops on cotton wickRapid on-the-go stress relief. Inhale 10–15 sec, 2–3 times daily. No specific CI; apply general EO precautions for young children and pregnancy as standard practice.
Bath4–6 drops pre-diluted in 1 tbsp carrier oilAlways pre-dilute before adding to bathwater. Keep water ≤37°C to limit linalool oxidation. No specific CI for this oil; standard EO bath precautions apply.
Compress2–3 drops in 200 ml waterWarm compress for muscle tension; cool for headaches or facial soothing. Patch-test first. Limit contact to 10–15 min per application.

Dầu nền phù hợp

JojobaLight wax ester with excellent oxidative stability; counteracts linalool autoxidation risk; non-comedogenic and skin-sebum-analogous, suitable for face and body at all dilutions.
Sweet almond oilMild scent does not compete with the delicate citrus-floral profile; oleic acid-rich for skin moisture; classic pairing for relaxation and massage blends.
Fractionated coconut oilNear-odourless and highly oxidation-resistant; preserves the fresh linalyl acetate top note and minimises linalool peroxide formation in stored blends.
Rosehip seed oilHigh linoleic acid and natural antioxidants; suited for mature and dry skin where linalool anti-inflammatory activity pairs with rosehip skin-regenerating properties.
Grapeseed oilLight texture and slight astringency suit oily and combination skin; high linoleic acid supports barrier repair; pale colour avoids discolouring the finished formulation.

Kết hợp tốt với

FloralCitrusHerbaceousGreen

Blend kinh điển

[B216] Ch.13 p.699 Mint (bergamot) profile (this is primary source)
[Lawrence 1979 p.20] Mentha aquatica var. citrata essential oil chemistry (cited in B216 Ch.13 p.699)
[Ford et al 1992 p.73S] bergamot mint oil 8%/25-volunteers neither irritating nor sensitizing + non-phototoxic mice tested + acute oral LD50 rats ~5 g/kg + acute dermal LD50 rabbits > 5 g/kg (cited in B216 Ch.13 p.699)
[Craker and Simon 1986 p.55] taxonomic-uncertainty M. aquatica var. citrata vs M. × piperita var. citrata Ehrh. (cited in B216 Ch.13 p.699)
[Burfield 2003] adulteration quality concern added linalyl acetate + linalool (cited in B216 Ch.13 p.699)
[B216 Linalool profile Chapter 14] IFRA 2009 peroxide-control class-rail + low reproductive toxicity + acute toxicity LD50
[B216 Linalyl acetate profile Chapter 14] non-allergenic + non-sensitizing class-rail + low reproductive toxicity
[B216 1,8-Cineole profile Chapter 14] antioxidant property class-rail (counter-balance to linalool autoxidation)
[IFRA 2009] linalool-rich essential oils peroxide-control regulatory mandatory antioxidant-at-production

An Toàn

Giới hạn da tối đa

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Giới hạn IFRA

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Thai kỳ & Cho con bú

Tam cá nguyệt 1Unknown
Tam cá nguyệt 2Unknown
Tam cá nguyệt 3Unknown

Giới hạn độ tuổi

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Bảo quản

Bảo quản nơi tối, mát

Thông tin chỉ mang tính tham khảo, không thay thế tư vấn y tế chuyên nghiệp. SYMELab v2.0

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Hồ Sơ Hoá Học Chi Tiết
§3 Chemical Profile — chemotype, constituent ranges, adulteration

Per Lawrence 1979 p.20 cited in B216 Ch.13 p.699:

Constituent%Role
Linalyl acetate34.0–57.3%Dominant — acyclic monoterpenic ester; sweet-floral-fresh-bergamot-lavender-character; class-shared with [[bergamot-fcf]] EO032 (~40% Citrus rind) + [[lavender-true]] (~40%) + [[lavandin-grosso/abrialis/super]] (~30-40%) + [[clary-sage]] (~70%) + [[bergamot-wild]] EO688 14b + neroli + petitgrain; T&Y EXPLICIT non-allergenic + non-sensitizing class-rail Ch.14 Linalyl acetate profile
Linalool24.9–55.2%Co-dominant — acyclic monoterpenic alcohol; floral-fresh-sweet-bergamot-lavender-character; class-shared with bergamot/lavender/lavandin + [[linaloe-wood]] EO760 24a (30% with linalyl acetate 47% combined 77%) + many linalool-CT EOs; CRITICAL latent-oxidation IFRA 2009 peroxide-control class-rail MANDATORY antioxidant-at-production due to high pct + linalool-oxide-trace-presence
β-Terpineol1.0–2.8%Cyclic monoterpenic alcohol — sweet-floral-pine-undertone; class-shared with cajeput + niaouli + tea-tree-class
1,8-Cineole0.5–2.3%Bicyclic monoterpenic ether — fresh-camphoraceous-medicinal; minor cap-driver compared to [[marjoram-spanish]] EO766 25a (this batch — 45.1–58.6% major-dominant); B216 EXPLICIT antioxidant property class-rail ("but 1,8-cineole has antioxidant properties") — natural antioxidant-counter-balance to linalool-oxidation
Geranyl acetate0.7–1.8%Acyclic monoterpenic ester — sweet-floral-rose-undertone; class-shared with [[may-chang]] EO057 + geranium + palmarosa + many geranial/geraniol-acetate EOs
(E)-Linalool oxide1.3–1.7%Heterocyclic monoterpenic oxide — floral-woody-pine-undertone; CRITICAL marker — linalool-oxidation-product presence indicates fresh-EO has minor oxidation; mandatory antioxidant-control class-rail
(Z)-Linalool oxide1.2–1.6%Heterocyclic monoterpenic oxide — floral-woody-pine-undertone-isomer; class-shared with (E)-linalool oxide oxidation marker
3-Octyl acetate0.7–1.2%Aliphatic ester — fruity-fresh-undertone

Linalyl acetate + linalool CO-DOMINANCE 34–57% + 25–55% combined ~70–90% rail: Two-constituent CO-dominance class-shared with [[bergamot-fcf]] EO032 (FCF Citrus rind ~40+30=70%) + [[lavender-true]] (~40+40=80%) + [[lavandin]] variants (~30-40+25-35=55-75%) + [[clary-sage]] (~70+20=90%) + [[bergamot-wild]] EO688 14b (similar Monarda fistulosa). Mint-bergamot is the linalyl-acetate-linalool-CO-DOMINANCE-Lamiaceae-Mentha-aquatica-aerial class — distinct from peppermint/cornmint (menthol-CT) and spearmint (carvone-CT) and wild forest mint (piperitone-oxide-CT) cross-species chemotype divergence.

Linalool latent-oxidation-MANDATORY-antioxidant class-rail B216 EXPLICIT verbatim ("essential oils rich in linalool should only be used when the level of peroxides is kept to the lowest practical value. The addition of antioxidants such as 0.1% BHT or α-tocopherol at the time of production is recommended" — IFRA 2009): mint-bergamot has 25–55% linalool + already-present (E)+(Z)-linalool-oxide trace 2.5–3.3% combined (oxidation marker indicating freshness-vulnerability). MANDATORY antioxidant addition + cool dark storage class-rail with [[linaloe-wood]] EO760 24a + [[lavandin-grosso/abrialis/super]] + [[bergamot-wild]] EO688 14b + many linalool-rich EOs.

1,8-Cineole-natural-antioxidant-property class-rail B216 EXPLICIT verbatim ("but 1,8-cineole has antioxidant properties — see Constituent profiles, Chapter 14"): the 0.5–2.3% 1,8-cineole minor in mint-bergamot provides natural antioxidant-counter-balance to linalool autoxidation; class-rail-shared with other cineole-trace-rich-linalool EOs.

Linalyl-acetate-class T&Y-Ch.14-non-allergenic-non-sensitizing class-rail: Linalyl acetate 34–57% major; T&Y Chapter 14 Linalyl acetate profile EXPLICIT non-allergenic + non-sensitizing; class-rail-clean-dermal-safety.

No carcinogen-class concern + linalool-class clean-rail B216 EXPLICIT verbatim "no known carcinogens".

Công Dụng Trị Liệu Chi Tiết
§10 Therapeutic Uses — skin, emotional, physical, respiratory

Per B216 + classical Eau-de-Cologne perfumery + modern aromatherapy:

  • Relaxant / calming / stress-relief (modern aromatherapy class-rail with bergamot + lavender + clary-sage linalyl-acetate-linalool-CO-dominance EOs)
  • Antimicrobial / antiseptic (theoretical from linalool + linalyl acetate + 1,8-cineole class)
  • Cosmetic / functional fragrance (mass-market soap/lotion/cream Eau-de-Cologne class-rail)
  • Culinary herb (USA + UK kitchen-garden ornamental + dessert garnish lemon-mint culinary; lower volume than peppermint/spearmint culinary)
  • Mental clarity / mood-uplift (modern aromatherapy class-rail with citrus-floral relaxant)
  • Insect repellent (theoretical from linalool + monoterpene class)
  • Vietnamese aromatherapy context: Tinh dầu bạc hà chanh-cam (Mentha aquatica var. citrata — LOÀI BẠC HÀ KHÁC HOÀN TOÀN với bạc hà Âu peppermint EO059, bạc hà đồng cornmint EO060, bạc hà xanh spearmint, bạc hà rừng wild forest mint EO769 — chemotype linalyl-acetate-linalool KHÔNG phải menthol/carvone/piperitone-oxide thông thường) là tinh dầu linalyl acetate 34.0–57.3% dominant + linalool 24.9–55.2% co-dominant combined ~70-90% chiết xuất phần khí sinh. Hồ sơ an toàn SẠCH: không độc gan, không gây ung thư, KHÔNG quang độc (Ford 1992 thử nghiệm chuột âm tính), không tương tác thuốc; B216 EXPLICIT "None known × 2". T&Y framework cap 5% người lớn (giảm cap mặt+nhạy cảm 2.5%); thai kỳ 2.5%; trẻ em giảm cap (1% under-2 / 2% 2–6 / 2.5% 6–12). BẮT BUỘC chất chống oxy hóa lúc sản xuất (BHT 0.1% hoặc α-tocopherol 0.1% - IFRA 2009 class-rail linalool-rich; oxidation products of linalool có thể gây nhạy cảm da nhưng 1,8-cineole có tính chống oxy hóa tự nhiên cân bằng). Hương đặc trưng cam chanh hoa cỏ Eau-de-Cologne cổ điển (linalyl-acetate-linalool-CO-dominance class peer bergamot FCF EO032 + lavender + lavandin + clary-sage). Lưu ý SỰ NHẦM TÊN "BERGAMOT" CỐT YẾU: mint-bergamot (tinh dầu này — họ Lamiaceae Mentha) KHÁC HOÀN TOÀN với bergamot Citrus bergamia EO032 (họ Rutaceae cam quýt vỏ trái) — cùng tên thông thường "bergamot" nhưng 2 EO khác họ + khác chất chiết + khác mức độ phototoxicity. Heritage Eau-de-Cologne nước hoa cổ điển châu Âu thế kỷ 18-19 + USA artisan production + Provence Pháp.
Năng Lượng & Ngũ Hành
§11 Energetics — TCM, Ayurveda, aromatic energetics
  • Five Element: Wood (uplift-clarifying-Mentha-citrus-class); Water (relaxant calming linalool-class)
  • Chakra: Heart (4th) — uplifting-citrus-floral-class; Crown (7th) — clarifying-aromatherapy-class
  • Ayurvedic: Vata-balancing via linalool calming; Pitta-cooling via fresh-citrus character; Kapha-stimulating via aromatic-mint
  • TCM: Cooling + qi-moving + calming-shen via linalool + heart-meridian uplift
  • Mood: Calming + uplifting + clarifying per modern aromatherapy use; class-rail with bergamot + lavender + clary-sage linalyl-acetate-linalool-CO-dominance EOs (relaxant + mental-clarity class)
  • Heritage: Classical European Eau-de-Cologne perfumery 18th-19th century citrus-floral cologne tradition + Provence Pacific Northwest USA artisan production class; cosmetic functional-fragrance soap/lotion/cream class; modern aromatherapy citrus-floral relaxant niche; USA + UK kitchen-garden ornamental tradition

Dữ Liệu Kỹ Thuật Y Khoa

§14 Renderer Contract — Tisserand & Young V2.2

Thông Số Định Lượng

hazards
["hazards_none_known_TY_EXPLICIT_VERBATIM_p699","contraindications_none_known_TY_EXPLICIT_VERBATIM_p699","FORD_1992_p73S_clean_clinical_8pct_25_volunteers_neither_irritating_nor_sensitizing_NON_PHOTOTOXIC_mice_tested","acute_oral_LD50_rats_5_g_per_kg_acute_dermal_LD50_rabbits_5_g_per_kg_FORD_1992_p73S","no_carcinogen_class_TY_EXPLICIT_no_information_was_found_but_contains_no_known_carcinogens","LINALOOL_24_9_to_55_2_pct_CO_DOMINANT_IFRA_2009_PEROXIDE_CONTROL_MANDATORY_ANTIOXIDANT_AT_PRODUCTION_TY_EXPLICIT_BHT_OR_alpha_tocopherol_0_1pct","E_Z_linalool_oxide_combined_2_5_to_3_3_pct_oxidation_marker_freshness_indicator","oxidation_products_of_linalool_may_be_skin_sensitizing_TY_EXPLICIT_chapter_14","1_8_cineole_natural_antioxidant_property_class_rail_TY_EXPLICIT_chapter_14_counter_balance_to_linalool_autoxidation","BURFIELD_2003_adulteration_quality_concern_added_linalyl_acetate_AND_linalool","5_way_mentha_genus_species_disambiguation_NOT_piperita_EO059_NOT_arvensis_EO060_NOT_spicata_NOT_longifolia_M_aquatica_var_citrata_uniquely_linalyl_acetate_linalool_CT","2_way_cross_genus_disambiguation_NOT_citrus_bergamia_FCF_EO032_RUTACEAE_same_common_name_BERGAMOT_2_different_families","taxonomic_uncertainty_M_aquatica_var_citrata_vs_M_piperita_var_citrata_CRAKER_SIMON_1986"]
phototoxic
false
safety_level
safe
cap_derivation
framework_default_5pct_T_AND_Y_clean_profile_PLUS_TY_EXPLICIT_VERBATIM_HAZARDS_None_known_PLUS_Contraindications_None_known_PLUS_FORD_1992_p73S_clean_clinical_8pct_25_volunteers_neither_irritating_nor_sensitizing_PLUS_NON_PHOTOTOXIC_mice_tested_PLUS_acute_oral_LD50_rats_5_g_per_kg_PLUS_acute_dermal_LD50_rabbits_5_g_per_kg_PLUS_no_carcinogen_class_PLUS_LINALYL_ACETATE_34_to_57_3_pct_DOMINANT_TY_chapter_14_non_allergenic_non_sensitizing_PLUS_LINALOOL_24_9_to_55_2_pct_CO_DOMINANT_IFRA_2009_PEROXIDE_CONTROL_MANDATORY_ANTIOXIDANT_AT_PRODUCTION_BHT_OR_alpha_tocopherol_0_1pct_PLUS_E_Z_linalool_oxide_2_5_to_3_3_pct_combined_oxidation_marker_PLUS_1_8_cineole_0_5_to_2_3_pct_natural_antioxidant_property_class_rail_PLUS_low_reproductive_toxicity_linalyl_acetate_AND_linalool_class_rail_PLUS_5_way_mentha_genus_species_disambiguation_NOT_piperita_NOT_arvensis_NOT_spicata_NOT_longifolia_PLUS_2_way_cross_genus_disambiguation_NOT_citrus_bergamia_FCF_EO032_RUTACEAE_FAMILY_PLUS_taxonomic_uncertainty_M_aquatica_var_citrata_vs_M_piperita_var_citrata_CRAKER_SIMON_1986_PLUS_BURFIELD_2003_adulteration_quality_concern_added_linalyl_acetate_AND_linalool_PLUS_eau_de_cologne_classical_perfumery_heritage
oxidation_risk
medium
max_dilution_2_6
2
drug_interactions
[]
max_dilution_6_12
2.5
shelf_life_months
24
max_dilution_adult
5
contraindicated_all
false
max_dilution_elderly
2.5
max_oral_dose_mg_day
200
max_dilution_sensitive
2.5
max_dilution_adult_face
2.5
contraindicated_children
false
contraindicated_pregnancy
false
max_dilution_child_under2
1
max_dilution_breastfeeding
2.5
max_dilution_pregnancy_1st
2.5
max_dilution_pregnancy_2nd
2.5
max_dilution_pregnancy_3rd
2.5
max_oral_dose_mg_day_pregnancy
0

Luận Giải Văn Cảnh

hazards

hazards: [hazards_none_known_TY_EXPLICIT_VERBATIM_p699, contraindications_none_known_TY_EXPLICIT_VERBATIM_p699, FORD_1992_p73S_clean_clinical_8pct_25_volunteers_neither_irritating_nor_sensitizing_NON_PHOTOTOXIC_mice_tested, acute_oral_LD50_rats_5_g_per_kg_acute_dermal_LD50_rabbits_5_g_per_kg_FORD_1992_p73S, no_carcinogen_class_TY_EXPLICIT_no_information_was_found_but_contains_no_known_carcinogens, LINALOOL_24_9_to_55_2_pct_CO_DOMINANT_IFRA_2009_PEROXIDE_CONTROL_MANDATORY_ANTIOXIDANT_AT_PRODUCTION_TY_EXPLICIT_BHT_OR_alpha_tocopherol_0_1pct, E_Z_linalool_oxide_combined_2_5_to_3_3_pct_oxidation_marker_freshness_indicator, oxidation_products_of_linalool_may_be_skin_sensitizing_TY_EXPLICIT_chapter_14, 1_8_cineole_natural_antioxidant_property_class_rail_TY_EXPLICIT_chapter_14_counter_balance_to_linalool_autoxidation, BURFIELD_2003_adulteration_quality_concern_added_linalyl_acetate_AND_linalool, 5_way_mentha_genus_species_disambiguation_NOT_piperita_EO059_NOT_arvensis_EO060_NOT_spicata_NOT_longifolia_M_aquatica_var_citrata_uniquely_linalyl_acetate_linalool_CT, 2_way_cross_genus_disambiguation_NOT_citrus_bergamia_FCF_EO032_RUTACEAE_same_common_name_BERGAMOT_2_different_families, taxonomic_uncertainty_M_aquatica_var_citrata_vs_M_piperita_var_citrata_CRAKER_SIMON_1986]

storage

oxidation_risk: medium

dilution

max_dilution_adult: 5

botanical

latin_name: Mentha aquatica L

chemistry

dominant_constituent: Linalyl acetate

commercial

availability: niche

oil_metadata

slug: mint-bergamot

safety_flags

phototoxic: FALSE

Tài Liệu Y Khoa Tham Khảo

  • B216 (Tisserand & Young 2014, "Essential Oil Safety, 2nd Ed.") — Ch.13 p.699 Mint (bergamot) profile (this is primary source)
  • Lawrence 1979 p.20Mentha aquatica var. citrata essential oil chemistry (cited in B216 Ch.13 p.699)
  • Ford et al 1992 p.73S — bergamot mint oil 8%/25-volunteers neither irritating nor sensitizing + non-phototoxic mice tested + acute oral LD50 rats ~5 g/kg + acute dermal LD50 rabbits > 5 g/kg (cited in B216 Ch.13 p.699)
  • Craker and Simon 1986 p.55 — taxonomic-uncertainty M. aquatica var. citrata vs M. × piperita var. citrata Ehrh. (cited in B216 Ch.13 p.699)
  • Burfield 2003 — adulteration quality concern added linalyl acetate + linalool (cited in B216 Ch.13 p.699)
  • B216 Linalool profile Chapter 14 — IFRA 2009 peroxide-control class-rail + low reproductive toxicity + acute toxicity LD50
  • B216 Linalyl acetate profile Chapter 14 — non-allergenic + non-sensitizing class-rail + low reproductive toxicity
  • B216 1,8-Cineole profile Chapter 14 — antioxidant property class-rail (counter-balance to linalool autoxidation)
  • IFRA 2009 — linalool-rich essential oils peroxide-control regulatory mandatory antioxidant-at-production