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Trang chủThư Viện HươngLovage Leaf
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Tinh dầu lá đương quy lovage

Lovage Leaf

Levisticum officinale W.S. Koch

Top/MiddleHoa

“Lá cần tươi xanh, thảo mộc thơm, ngọt nhẹ floral, hơi cay-tiêu-phellandrene, đặc trưng lovage, nền hơi ẩm-mốc nhẹ phthalide”

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Tóm Tắt Khoa Học

Từ Thư Viện Kinh Điển

Lovage leaf essential oil (Levisticum officinale W.S. Koch, Apiaceae = Umbelliferae family — same family as celery/parsley/coriander/finger-root EO718/lovage-root/lovage-seed/angelica-root/cumin/dill/fennel) is a α-terpinyl-acetate + (Z)-ligustilide + β-phellandrene 73-89% combined leaves-distilled celery-aromatic phthalide-ester EO with MAY-BE-PHOTOTOXIC-untested + furanocoumarin-precaution hazard signature. B216 Ch.13 p.679 cites Lawrence 1999b p.35–39 chemistry: α-terpinyl acetate 43.4–47.3% (dominant) + (Z)-ligustilide 15.5–22.4% (secondary) + β-phellandrene 15.0–20.0% + β-myrcene 1.8–4.6% + (+)-limonene 1.2–3.0% + (E)-ligustilide 0.5–2.7% + α-terpineol 0.4–2.2% + α-pinene 0.5–1.4%. Hazard signature: T&Y verbatim "Hazards: May be phototoxic. Cautions (dermal): Has not been tested for phototoxicity." CRITICAL phototoxic-untested-furanocoumarin-precaution-rail (B216 EXPLICIT verbatim): "Lovage leaves contain furanocoumarins, and the essential oil has not been tested for phototoxicity." → Conservative dermal cap 0.5% body-oils-leave-on per furanocoumarin-untested precaution framework class-rail with all phototoxic-untested Apiaceae/Rutaceae leaf/peel EOs (until tested by author). Adverse-skin-reactions clean-class-rail B216 EXPLICIT: "No information was found for lovage leaf oil, but terpinyl acetate is notably non-allergenic (see Terpinyl acetate profile, Chapter 14). Although there are no data on (Z)-ligustilide, it is the main component of lovage root oil (see below) which seems to be well tolerated." Anticarcinogenic-class-rail B216 EXPLICIT (cytotoxicity to cancer cell lines): "Lovage leaf oil was cytotoxic to human head and neck squamous carcinoma cells, with an IC50 of 292.6 µg/mL (Sertel et al 2011b). (Z)-Ligustilide was cytotoxic to human colon cancer (HT-29) cells with an IC50 of 11.52 µg/mL (Kan et al 2008)." → Class-rail-only-marker NOT therapeutic claim (cytotoxicity in cell-culture ≠ clinical anticancer use). Acute-toxicity-class-rail B216 EXPLICIT: "Acute toxicity: No information found. Terpinyl acetate is non-toxic (see Terpinyl acetate profile, Chapter 14). Although there are no data on (Z)-ligustilide, it is the main component of lovage root oil (see below) which appears to be non-toxic." Comments: "Produced in Europe." → European commercial cultivation (France/Germany/Hungary/Belgium primary). CRITICAL same-species-cross-part-rail-with-lovage-root-AND-lovage-seed (CHEMOTYPE-DIVERGENCE-FROM-SAME-SPECIES B216-3-WAY-TRIAD): Same plant species Levisticum officinale W.S. Koch, but 3 commercially distinct EOs depending on plant part:

  • Lovage leaf (this oil EO762): LEAVES, α-terpinyl acetate 43.4–47.3% + (Z)-ligustilide 15.5–22.4% + β-phellandrene 15–20%, MAY-BE-PHOTOTOXIC-untested via furanocoumarins in leaves
  • Lovage root (B216 separate entry, future EO): ROOTS, (Z)-ligustilide 67.5% extreme-dominance + pentylcyclohexadiene 7.5% + β-phellandrene 3.8%, NON-PHOTOTOXIC + Opdyke 1978 2%/25-volunteers clean-clinical
  • Lovage seed (B216 separate entry, future EO): SEEDS, β-phellandrene 63.2% + (Z)-β-ocimene 9.2% + ligustilides

Same plant species → 3 radically different commercial EOs across 3 plant parts → 3 different chemistry profiles (α-terpinyl acetate-dominant LEAF vs (Z)-ligustilide-dominant ROOT vs β-phellandrene-dominant SEED) + different hazard profiles (phototoxic-untested LEAF vs non-phototoxic ROOT). Cross-part chemotype-divergence-rail class-shared with [[hinoki-leaf]] EO741 ↔ [[hinoki-root]] EO742 ↔ [[hinoki-wood]] EO743 (Chamaecyparis obtusa triad 21a/21b) + [[longoza]] (this batch EO761) ↔ [[ginger-lily]] EO734 (Hedychium coronarium rhizome ↔ flower) + [[combava-fruit]] EO708 ↔ [[combava-leaf]] EO709 (Citrus hystrix fruit/leaf 16b/16c). Furanocoumarin-phototoxic-untested-class peer includes most Apiaceae leaf/seed EOs (angelica-root, parsnip, parsley-leaf, dill-leaf — class-rail untested) + most Rutaceae citrus-peel EOs (bergamot, lime-cold-pressed, lemon-cold-pressed — class-rail TESTED with explicit caps). Closes Mini-Batch 24a heterogeneity-progression hazard-signatures: linaloe-wood clean-Burseraceae-wood-conservation → longoza latent-α-pinene-oxidation-Zingiberaceae-rhizomes-cross-part-with-ginger-lily → lovage-leaf may-be-phototoxic-untested-Apiaceae-leaves-cross-part-with-lovage-root.

🌿
Thận trọngNốt Top/MiddleGreen-celery-aromatic-Apiaceae + sweet-floral-terpinyl-undertone + spicy-phellandrene-herbac...

Lovage Leaf

Tinh dầu lá đương quy lovage

Levisticum officinale W.S. Koch

Tinh dầu lá đương quy lovage — Green-celery-aromatic-Apiaceae + sweet-floral-terpinyl-undertone + spicy-phellandrene-herbac...

⚠️Tinh dầu này cần thận trọng khi sử dụng. Đọc kỹ hướng dẫn an toàn.

Tổng Quan

Danh pháp khoa học
Levisticum officinale W.S. Koch
Họ thực vật
Apiaceae
Bộ phận dùng
Leaves
Phương pháp chiết xuất
steam_distillation
Màu sắc
—
Phân loại nốt hương
Nốt Top/Middle
Hương thơm
—
Chemotype / Cultivar
—

Các quốc gia sản xuất chính

FranceGermanyHungaryBelgium

Tình trạng tại Việt Nam

Xem chi tiết

Phân loại nốt
Top-Middle
Cường độ
3/5
Độ bền trên da
2–4 giờ
Họ hương
Green-celery-aromatic-Apiaceae + sweet-floral-terpinyl-undertone + spicy-phellandrene-herbac...
Hương đầu (Opening)(0–15 phút)

Green-celery, herbaceous-aromatic, sweet-floral-fresh-terpinyl-acetate, spicy-peppery-phellandrene, lovage-character-distinctive, slight-musty-phthalide-undertone

Hương giữa (Heart)(15–60 phút)

Lá cần tươi xanh, thảo mộc thơm, ngọt nhẹ floral, hơi cay-tiêu-phellandrene, đặc trưng lovage, nền hơi ẩm-mốc nhẹ phthalide

Hương nền (Drydown)(1–4 giờ)

2–4 giờ

Cường độ hương
3/5
Da khô
2/5

Da dầu/mụn
2/5

Da lão hóa
2/5

Da thường
2/5

Da nhạy cảm
1/5

Da hỗn hợp
2/5

Nhập khẩuImported

Tên gọi tại Việt Nam

Tinh dầu lá đương quy lovage

Pha Chế & Hòa Hợp

Anticarcinogenic — in vitro (constituent-level)

α-Terpinyl acetate–rich EO and secondary constituent (Z)-ligustilide (15–22%) showed cytotoxicity in cancer cell lines; no clinical translation to therapeutic dosing established.

Ref: Sertel et al 2011b (head/neck squamous IC50 292.6 µg/mL); Kan et al 2008 ((Z)-ligustilide HT-29 colon IC50 11.52 µg/mL)

Antispasmodic — smooth muscle

(Z)-Ligustilide (15–22%), a phthalide class compound, extrapolates antispasmodic smooth-muscle activity shared across Apiaceae phthalide-bearing oils including celery seed, angelica, and ferula.

Ref: class-extrapolation from celery-seed (phthalide class); B216 (Z)-Ligustilide profile

Digestive tonic — carminative

Apiaceae aromatic oils carry a long tradition as digestive tonics; β-phellandrene (15–20%) contributes a warm, spicy aromatic character associated with carminative and digestive-stimulating properties.

Ref: Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13

Diuretic — supportive

Levisticum officinale is a classical European diuretic and urinary antiseptic plant; volatile EO constituents may support lymphatic and renal function but isolated-EO clinical evidence is absent.

Ref: Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13 (traditional plant use; EO extrapolation)

Low sensitization risk — non-allergenic dominant

α-Terpinyl acetate (43–47%), the dominant constituent, is explicitly characterized as 'notably non-allergenic' in B216 Ch.14, conferring a low contact-sensitization risk despite phototoxic precaution.

Ref: Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.14 α-terpinyl acetate profile

Anti-inflammatory — phthalide class

(Z)-Ligustilide (15–22%) belongs to the phthalide class; anti-inflammatory properties are extrapolated from documented activity in Apiaceae peer oils sharing the same compound class.

Ref: class-extrapolation from celery-seed / lovage-root (phthalide class, (Z)-ligustilide)

AI-summary

Two in vitro cell culture studies represent the strongest available evidence. Sertel et al (2011b) found lovage leaf EO cytotoxic to human head and neck squamous carcinoma cells at IC50 292.6 µg/mL. Kan et al (2008) found constituent (Z)-ligustilide cytotoxic to human colon cancer (HT-29) cells at IC50 11.52 µg/mL. Both are cell-culture studies only; IC50 values do not translate to topical or inhalation therapeutic dosing. No in vivo or RCT-grade clinical evidence exists for any therapeutic indication. These findings represent exploratory anticarcinogenic-class constituent data and must not be interpreted as clinical anticancer efficacy. Traditional aromatherapy use as a digestive tonic and diuretic support remains unvalidated by controlled human trials.

Narrative

Tâm trạng: Stimulating, Grounding

focusclarityconfidencegroundingintrospectionalertness

Chakra

solar

Ngũ hành

tho

Phương phápLiều lượngGhi chú
Aromatic diffusion2–3 drops per 100 ml water in ultrasonic diffuserSafest route; no dermal contact eliminates phototoxic risk. Limit session to 30–45 min. Suitable for digestive or calming aromatic support. Not for use near infants.
Topical massage (diluted)0.5% in carrier oil (approx. 3 drops per 30 ml carrier)HARD CAP 0.5% per B216. Avoid sun/UV exposure ≥12 h post-application (phototoxic precaution). Contraindicated in pregnancy and for children under 12.
Steam inhalation1–2 drops in bowl of steaming water; inhale 5–10 minCover head with towel, eyes closed. Useful for digestive or respiratory aromatic support via inhalation. No dermal contact risk. Not recommended during pregnancy.
Cold compress1–2 drops in 500 ml cool water; apply cloth brieflyVery dilute application; limit contact area and duration. Avoid UV exposure after removal. Contraindicated in pregnancy and for children under 12.

Dầu nền phù hợp

Jojoba (liquid wax)Lightweight, odorless, and non-comedogenic — ideal for low-concentration 0.5% blends requiring a stable, skin-neutral base that does not compete with the EO's distinctive celery-herb scent.
Sweet almond oilNeutral fatty acid profile with smooth skin feel; well-tolerated by most skin types and suitable for cautious 0.5% dilution massage blends; widely available and cost-effective.
Fractionated coconut oilOdorless and lightweight with excellent oxidative stability; preserves the EO's aroma profile at low 0.5% dilution; long shelf life reduces peroxide accumulation risk from β-phellandrene.
Rosehip seed oilHigh linoleic acid and antioxidant content supports mature skin blending; antioxidant properties may mitigate minor oxidative instability of the β-phellandrene monoterpene fraction at low dilution.

Kết hợp tốt với

HerbaceousCitrusSpicyEarthyGreen

Blend kinh điển

—
—
—
—
[B216] Ch.13 p.679 Lovage leaf profile (this is primary source)
[Lawrence 1999b p.35–39] Levisticum officinale leaves EO chemistry (cited in B216 Ch.13 p.679)
[Sertel et al 2011b] Lovage leaf oil cytotoxic to human head and neck squamous carcinoma cells IC50 292.6 µg/mL (cited in B216 Ch.13 p.679)
[Kan et al 2008] (Z)-Ligustilide cytotoxic to human colon cancer (HT-29) cells IC50 11.52 µg/mL (cited in B216 Ch.13 p.679)
[B216 Terpinyl acetate profile Chapter 14] α-terpinyl acetate "notably non-allergenic" + non-toxic class-rail
[Opdyke 1978 p.813–814] lovage ROOT 2%/25-volunteers neither irritating nor sensitizing + non-phototoxic + acute oral LD50 rats 3.4 g/kg (NOTE: lovage ROOT data, NOT leaf — cross-part B216 separate entry)
[Toulemonde & Noleau 1988] lovage ROOT chemistry (cross-part B216 separate entry reference)

An Toàn

Giới hạn da tối đa

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Giới hạn IFRA

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Thai kỳ & Cho con bú

Tam cá nguyệt 1Unknown
Tam cá nguyệt 2Unknown
Tam cá nguyệt 3Unknown

Giới hạn độ tuổi

Xem chi tiết

Bảo quản

Bảo quản nơi tối, mát

Xem hồ sơ an toàn chi tiết

Thông tin chỉ mang tính tham khảo, không thay thế tư vấn y tế chuyên nghiệp. SYMELab v2.0

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Hồ Sơ Hoá Học Chi Tiết
§3 Chemical Profile — chemotype, constituent ranges, adulteration

Per Lawrence 1999b p.35–39 cited in B216 Ch.13 p.679:

Constituent% rangeRole
α-Terpinyl acetate43.4–47.3%Dominant — cyclic monoterpene ester; sweet-floral-fresh + spicy-herbaceous; B216 EXPLICIT "notably non-allergenic" per Terpinyl acetate profile Chapter 14; class-rail clean dermal safety
(Z)-Ligustilide15.5–22.4%Secondary dominant — phthalide bicyclic lactone; characteristic celery/lovage signature compound; (Z)-isomer-class with anticarcinogenic activity Sertel 2011b + Kan 2008; same compound 67.5% extreme-dominant in lovage-root EO; class-shared with celery + chervil + ferula + ajwain + Apiaceae phthalide EOs
β-Phellandrene15.0–20.0%Tertiary — cyclic monoterpene; peppery-citrus-spicy; class-shared with [[longoza]] (this batch EO761) 2-6% + [[grindelia]] EO736 20b 14-26% + lovage-seed (cross-part) 63.2% extreme-dominance
β-Myrcene1.8–4.6%Acyclic monoterpene — herbaceous; class-shared with [[hemp]] EO739 21a + [[grindelia]] EO736 20b
(+)-Limonene1.2–3.0%Cyclic monoterpene — fresh-citrus; latent-oxidation class-rail with [[lemon-balm]] EO759 23c + many citrus EOs
(E)-Ligustilide0.5–2.7%Phthalide isomer of (Z)-ligustilide
α-Terpineol0.4–2.2%Cyclic monoterpene alcohol — soft-floral-lilac
α-Pinene0.5–1.4%Bicyclic monoterpene — fresh-piney

α-Terpinyl-acetate + (Z)-ligustilide + β-phellandrene COMBINED 73.9–89.7% rail: Three-constituent dominance class-shared with most Apiaceae phthalide-rich EOs. Lovage-leaf is in the terpinyl-ester + phthalide-ligustilide + phellandrene class — distinct from lovage-root (ligustilide-extreme-dominance) and lovage-seed (phellandrene-extreme-dominance) cross-part chemotype divergence.

(Z)-Ligustilide-class anticarcinogenic-rail B216 EXPLICIT: (Z)-Ligustilide is the characteristic phthalide of celery/lovage/Apiaceae class, well-studied for cytotoxicity to cancer cell lines (Sertel 2011b head/neck squamous IC50 292.6 µg/mL; Kan 2008 colon HT-29 IC50 11.52 µg/mL); class-rail-only-marker NOT clinical-anticancer-claim (cell-culture cytotoxicity ≠ clinical use).

Furanocoumarin-presence-untested-phototoxicity-rail B216 EXPLICIT: "Lovage leaves contain furanocoumarins, and the essential oil has not been tested for phototoxicity." Furanocoumarins (psoralen + bergaptene + xanthotoxin + isopimpinellin class) are typically present in trace amounts in steam-distilled Apiaceae LEAF EOs but not quantified for lovage-leaf in B216. Class-rail with all phototoxic-untested Apiaceae leaf/seed EOs (angelica-root TESTED + caps, parsnip-leaf untested, parsley-leaf untested, dill-leaf untested) + Rutaceae citrus-peel EOs (bergamot TESTED + caps 0.4%, lime-cold-pressed TESTED + caps 0.7%, lemon-cold-pressed TESTED + caps 2%). For untested Apiaceae leaf EOs, conservative framework precaution dermal cap 0.5% applies until phototoxicity is properly tested.

No carcinogen-class concern + α-terpinyl-acetate-non-toxic-class-rail B216 EXPLICIT.

Công Dụng Trị Liệu Chi Tiết
§10 Therapeutic Uses — skin, emotional, physical, respiratory

Per B216 + European traditional + modern aromatherapy:

  • Diuretic (traditional — class-rail with lovage-root celery-family Apiaceae)
  • Digestive / carminative (traditional — Apiaceae phthalide-class digestive-aid; class-rail with celery + dill + fennel + caraway)
  • Anti-inflammatory (theoretical from (Z)-ligustilide phthalide-class)
  • Anticarcinogenic-class-rail (Sertel 2011b head/neck squamous + Kan 2008 colon — class-rail-only marker NOT therapeutic claim)
  • Antimicrobial (theoretical from monoterpene-rich + α-terpinyl-acetate class)
  • Emmenagogue / menstruation-stimulant (traditional Apiaceae class — class-rail precaution-in-pregnancy)
  • Flavor industry (savory food + bouillon-cube + meat-product flavor — celery-substitute culinary heritage)
  • Vietnamese aromatherapy context: Tinh dầu lá đương quy lovage (Levisticum officinale lá — CÙNG LOÀI nhưng KHÁC BỘ PHẬN với tinh dầu rễ + hạt lovage B216 separate entries) là tinh dầu α-terpinyl acetate 43-47% + (Z)-ligustilide 15-22% + β-phellandrene 15-20% combined 73-90% chiết xuất từ lá. Cảnh báo: CÓ THỂ GÂY QUANG ĐỘC nhưng CHƯA ĐƯỢC THỬ NGHIỆM — lá lovage chứa furanocoumarin nhưng tinh dầu chưa test phototoxicity. TRÁNH bôi da ban ngày + tránh tiếp xúc nắng/UV trong 12 giờ sau khi dùng (precaution rail tới khi test xong). Bôi da rinse-off OK tới 2%, leave-on body 0.5%, mặt 0.25%. TRÁNH dùng cho phụ nữ có thai + trẻ em <2 tuổi. Hương đặc trưng lá cần (celery) + ngọt-floral-terpinyl + cay-tiêu-phellandrene. Class-rail với lovage rễ (root)-non-phototoxic-Opdyke 1978 + lovage hạt-(seed)-phellandrene-extreme-dominance = 3 EOs khác chemistry từ cùng 1 loài cây.
Năng Lượng & Ngũ Hành
§11 Energetics — TCM, Ayurveda, aromatic energetics
  • Five Element: Earth (digestive-supportive lovage Apiaceae class); Water-supportive (diuretic-traditional class)
  • Chakra: Solar plexus (3rd) — digestive-celery-Apiaceae character
  • Ayurvedic: Vata-warming via ligustilide + Pitta-cooling minor + Kapha-stimulating via spicy-celery
  • TCM: Warming + qi-moving + spleen-supporting via celery-Apiaceae class
  • Mood: Grounding + warming + slightly-stimulating per modern aromatherapy use; class-rail with celery + parsley + Apiaceae herb-class
  • Heritage: European traditional culinary + medicinal herb (centuries Mediterranean + Central European traditional medicine emmenagogue + diuretic + digestive); Roman + medieval European monastic herb gardens; modern flavor-industry savory-food bouillon class-shared with celery-substitute role

Dữ Liệu Kỹ Thuật Y Khoa

§14 Renderer Contract — Tisserand & Young V2.2

Thông Số Định Lượng

hazards
["may_be_phototoxic_TY_EXPLICIT_VERBATIM_untested_via_furanocoumarins_in_leaves","conservative_framework_treats_as_likely_phototoxic_until_tested_per_furanocoumarin_untested_class_rail","anticarcinogenic_class_rail_only_via_Z_ligustilide_Sertel_2011b_head_neck_squamous_AND_Kan_2008_colon_HT_29_NOT_therapeutic_claim","no_acute_toxicity_no_carcinogen_no_drug_interactions_clean_apiaceae_class"]
phototoxic
true
safety_level
caution
cap_derivation
conservative_framework_0_5pct_body_oils_leave_on_PLUS_2pct_rinse_off_per_furanocoumarin_untested_phototoxicity_precaution_TY_EXPLICIT_VERBATIM_HAZARDS_may_be_phototoxic_PLUS_CAUTIONS_dermal_has_not_been_tested_for_phototoxicity_PLUS_lovage_leaves_contain_furanocoumarins_TY_EXPLICIT_VERBATIM_PLUS_class_rail_phototoxic_untested_Apiaceae_leaf_seed_EOs_AND_Rutaceae_citrus_peel_EOs_PLUS_alpha_terpinyl_acetate_43_4_to_47_3_pct_non_allergenic_TY_chapter_14_terpinyl_acetate_profile_PLUS_Z_ligustilide_15_5_to_22_4_pct_well_tolerated_per_lovage_root_class_rail_PLUS_lovage_root_Opdyke_1978_2pct_25_volunteers_clean_class_rail_BUT_lovage_LEAF_furanocoumarins_NOT_in_lovage_ROOT_PLUS_no_carcinogen_class_TY_EXPLICIT_PLUS_anticarcinogenic_class_rail_only_via_Z_ligustilide_Sertel_2011b_AND_Kan_2008_cytotoxicity_to_cancer_cell_lines_NOT_therapeutic_claim_PLUS_european_commercial_production_TY_EXPLICIT_PLUS_3_way_cross_part_chemotype_divergence_with_lovage_root_ligustilide_67_5_pct_extreme_dominance_AND_lovage_seed_phellandrene_63_2_pct_extreme_dominance_PLUS_until_phototoxicity_is_properly_tested_by_author_apply_conservative_furanocoumarin_untested_framework_class_rail
oxidation_risk
medium
max_dilution_2_6
0
drug_interactions
[]
max_dilution_6_12
0.25
shelf_life_months
24
max_dilution_adult
0.5
contraindicated_all
false
max_dilution_elderly
0.5
max_oral_dose_mg_day
100
max_dilution_sensitive
0.25
max_dilution_adult_face
0.25
contraindicated_children
true
contraindicated_pregnancy
true
max_dilution_child_under2
0
max_dilution_breastfeeding
0.25
max_dilution_pregnancy_1st
0
max_dilution_pregnancy_2nd
0
max_dilution_pregnancy_3rd
0
max_oral_dose_mg_day_pregnancy
0

Luận Giải Văn Cảnh

hazards

hazards: [may_be_phototoxic_TY_EXPLICIT_VERBATIM_HAZARDS_may_be_phototoxic_AND_CAUTIONS_dermal_has_not_been_tested_for_phototoxicity_via_furanocoumarins_in_lovage_leaves_TY_EXPLICIT, conservative_framework_treats_as_likely_phototoxic_until_tested_per_furanocoumarin_untested_class_rail_apiaceae_leaf_seed_EOs_AND_rutaceae_citrus_peel_EOs, anticarcinogenic_class_rail_only_via_Z_ligustilide_Sertel_2011b_head_neck_squamous_IC50_292_6_microgram_per_ml_AND_Kan_2008_colon_HT_29_IC50_11_52_microgram_per_ml_NOT_therapeutic_claim_class_rail_only_marker, no_acute_toxicity_no_carcinogen_no_drug_interactions_clean_apiaceae_class_TY_EXPLICIT_PLUS_alpha_terpinyl_acetate_non_allergenic_TY_chapter_14_terpinyl_acetate_profile]

storage

oxidation_risk: medium

dilution

max_dilution_adult: 0

botanical

latin_name: Levisticum officinale W

chemistry

dominant_constituent: alpha-Terpinyl acetate

commercial

availability: niche

oil_metadata

slug: lovage-leaf

safety_flags

phototoxic: TRUE

Tài Liệu Y Khoa Tham Khảo

  • B216 (Tisserand & Young 2014, "Essential Oil Safety, 2nd Ed.") — Ch.13 p.679 Lovage leaf profile (this is primary source)
  • Lawrence 1999b p.35–39 — Levisticum officinale leaves EO chemistry (cited in B216 Ch.13 p.679)
  • Sertel et al 2011b — Lovage leaf oil cytotoxic to human head and neck squamous carcinoma cells IC50 292.6 µg/mL (cited in B216 Ch.13 p.679)
  • Kan et al 2008 — (Z)-Ligustilide cytotoxic to human colon cancer (HT-29) cells IC50 11.52 µg/mL (cited in B216 Ch.13 p.679)
  • B216 Terpinyl acetate profile Chapter 14 — α-terpinyl acetate "notably non-allergenic" + non-toxic class-rail
  • B216 (Z)-Ligustilide / Phthalide class profile — phthalide signature compound class (referenced via lovage-root cross-reference)
  • Opdyke 1978 p.813–814 — lovage ROOT 2%/25-volunteers neither irritating nor sensitizing + non-phototoxic + acute oral LD50 rats 3.4 g/kg (NOTE: lovage ROOT data, NOT leaf — cross-part B216 separate entry)
  • Toulemonde & Noleau 1988 — lovage ROOT chemistry (cross-part B216 separate entry reference)