- Two-species + two-type distilled lime: Mexican type = Citrus x aurantifolia Christm. (= Key lime, West Indian lime); Persian type = Citrus x latifolia Tanaka (= Tahiti lime). BOTH distilled from ripe (yellow) fruit peel. Rutaceae. Distillation strips furocoumarins → non-phototoxic, khác cold-expressed lime phototoxic-TRUE.
- Hazards: Skin sensitization if oxidized (only). Contraindications: None known. Cautions: Old/oxidized oils avoid. Distilled lime = commercially largest lime product (primarily food flavoring).
- Mexican chemistry (Pino & Rosado 2001, Kubeczka 2002): (+)-limonene + 1,8-cineole 40.4–49.4% + α-terpineol 5.4–12.7% + γ-terpinene 9.5–10.7% + terpinolene 8.1–8.7% + 1,4-cineole 2.0–3.0%. Persian chemistry (Pino & Rosado 2001): (+)-limonene + 1,8-cineole 55.6% + γ-terpinene 11.8% + α-terpineol 6.6% + terpinolene 5.2%.
- Max dermal: no T&Y limit (SYMELab 5% platform cap). Non-phototoxic (Opdyke 1974 p.729 — 15% non-irritating + non-sensitizing + non-phototoxic). GRAS status. LD₅₀ rat oral + rabbit dermal > 5 g/kg non-toxic.
- T&Y Comments p.675 caveat: Citropten 0.9% + bergapten 0.3% HAVE been reported in a distilled Mexican lime (Lawrence 1989 p.43) — suggesting incomplete furocoumarin stripping in some batches. T&Y position: "distilled lime oils are not regarded as phototoxic" despite that data point. Framework default = FALSE but GC-MS batch verification prudent for leave-on cosmetic applications.
Tổng Quan
- Danh pháp khoa học
- Citrus x aurantifolia Christm.
- Họ thực vật
- Rutaceae
- Bộ phận dùng
- —
- Phương pháp chiết xuất
- steam_distillation
- Màu sắc
- —
- Phân loại nốt hương
- Nốt Top
- Hương thơm
- —
- Chemotype / Cultivar
- —
Tình trạng tại Việt Nam
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Phân loại nốt
Top
Cường độ
3/5
Độ bền trên da
2–4 giờ
Họ hương
Fresh-citrus-sharp-bitter
Hương đầu (Opening)(0–15 phút)
Crystalline lime peel, luminous and cutting, cool herbal shimmer from cineole undertones, softly piney freshness, bright citrus radiance that snaps awake
Hương giữa (Heart)(15–60 phút)
Vỏ chanh xanh rực sáng tinh khiết, sắc bén xuyên thấu, nét thảo mộc the mát thoảng lớp cineole, nhựa thông tươi nhẹ nhàng, ánh sáng cam quýt bừng tỉnh
Hương nền (Drydown)(1–4 giờ)
2–4 giờ
Cường độ hương
3/5
Da khô
2/5
Da dầu/mụn
5/5
Da lão hóa
3/5
Da thường
4/5
Da nhạy cảm
2/5
Da hỗn hợp
4/5
Nhập khẩuImported
Tên gọi tại Việt Nam
Tinh dầu chanh xanh — chưng cất (Key lime + Tahiti)
Pha Chế & Hòa Hợp
mood-elevating / anxiolytic
(+)-Limonene (~40–65%), the dominant monoterpene, modulates GABA-A receptor activity in preclinical models — a class-level psychotropic mechanism shared with lemon and sweet orange EOs — producing anxiolytic and mood-elevating effects via inhalation.
Ref: class-extrapolation from lemon and sweet orange EOs via shared (+)-limonene GABA-A modulation; Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13 p.674–675
antimicrobial (broad-spectrum)
(+)-Limonene and citral (geranial + neral) disrupt bacterial cell membrane integrity and inhibit enzymatic function, conferring broad in-vitro antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens.
Ref: class-extrapolation from limonene-dominant citrus oils; Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13 p.674–675
antifungal
γ-Terpinene and (+)-limonene impair ergosterol biosynthesis in fungal cell membranes, inhibiting dermatophyte and Candida spp. growth in in-vitro studies.
Ref: class-extrapolation from limonene-dominant citrus oils; Pino & Rosado 2001 chemistry data via B216
antioxidant
γ-Terpinene is a potent radical-chain-breaking antioxidant; (+)-limonene scavenges reactive oxygen species, though autoxidation of limonene itself generates peroxides that negate this benefit in aged or improperly stored oil.
Ref: class-extrapolation from limonene-dominant citrus oils; Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13 p.674–675
deodorant / air-purifying
Citrus monoterpenes — limonene, γ-terpinene, β-pinene — rapidly react with volatile sulphur compounds and amines in air, making diffusion effective for odour abatement.
Ref: Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13 p.674–675
carminative / digestive-supportive
Monoterpene hydrocarbons including limonene relax smooth-muscle tone in the GI tract and may stimulate bile secretion; effect supported by traditional use and animal data but without RCTs specific to lime.
Ref: class-extrapolation from limonene-dominant citrus oils; Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13
AI-summary
No RCT-grade clinical evidence located specifically for lime distilled (Citrus × aurantifolia) as a therapeutic agent. Opdyke (1974) p.729 confirmed non-phototoxicity and established acute oral LD₅₀ safety data. Kodama et al. (1977a, 1977b) identified developmental toxicity risks for (+)-limonene at high dietary doses in rodents — not clinically relevant at aromatherapy concentrations (≤5% dermal). Mixed carcinogenicity signals for d-limonene metabolites (Roe & Field 1965; Ishidate et al. 1984; Lam & Zheng 1991) do not apply at aromatherapy exposure levels per T&Y 2014. Therapeutic mood-elevating and antimicrobial claims rest on class-extrapolation from well-studied limonene-dominant citrus oils (lemon, sweet orange). Lime distilled and lime expressed are distinct oils — the distilled form is non-phototoxic and safe for daytime topical applications at ≤5% adult dermal.
NarrativeTâm trạng: Uplifting, Stimulating
alertnessvitalityclarityoptimismfocusfreshness
Chakra
solar
Ngũ hành
moc
| Phương pháp | Liều lượng | Ghi chú |
|---|---|---|
| Diffusion | 3–5 drops in 100 ml diffuser water | Uplifting and air-purifying; 30–60 min sessions. Non-phototoxic distilled form safe in enclosed spaces. Blend with spearmint or eucalyptus for respiratory focus. |
| Topical massage | 1–3% in carrier oil (max 5% adult) | Dilute in jojoba or sweet almond. Suitable for daytime use — non-phototoxic unlike expressed lime. Avoid eye area and broken skin. |
| Steam inhalation | 3–4 drops in bowl of hot water | Inhale for 5–10 min with eyes closed; useful for upper respiratory congestion and mental fatigue. Keep face 30 cm above bowl. |
| Bath | 3–5 drops dispersed in 1 tsp carrier oil | Blend with carrier before adding to bath to prevent undiluted skin contact. Use tepid-to-warm water; hot water accelerates limonene volatilisation. |
| Skincare blending | 0.5–1% in face serum or moisturiser | Non-phototoxic distilled form suitable for daytime facial use at ≤1%. Pair with jojoba or argan; store formulation away from light to limit limonene oxidation. |
Dầu nền phù hợp
JojobaLightweight, non-comedogenic wax ester; extends shelf life of oxidation-prone limonene; ideal for oily and combination skin types.
Sweet almondMild, balanced oleic-acid carrier with neutral scent that does not compete with citrus aroma; versatile for massage and body blends.
Fractionated coconutHighly stable, odourless MCT oil resists oxidative rancidity — an important counterpart to limonene's short shelf life when blended.
GrapeseedThin, slightly astringent linoleic-acid oil; reinforces sebum-balancing action of limonene in oily-skin and acne-prone formulations.
Rosehip seedRich in trans-retinoic acid precursors; pairs with lime distilled in brightening and antioxidant facial serums for normal-to-mature skin.
Kết hợp tốt với
HerbaceousSpicyFloralWoodyCamphoraceous
Blend kinh điển
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[Tisserand & Young] Ch.13 p.674–675 (Lime distilled — covers both Mexican + Persian types)
[Pino & Rosado] Mexican + Persian chemistry [via B216]
[Kubeczka] distillation rearrangement biomarker chemistry [via B216]
[Lawrence, B. M.] anomalous citropten 0.9% + bergapten 0.3% in distilled Mexican [via B216]
[Singhal et al.] adulteration [via B216]
[Opdyke, D. L. J.] non-phototoxic + LD₅₀ [via B216]
[Kodama et al.] (+)-limonene developmental toxicity [via B216]
[Roe & Field] mixed carcinogenicity data [via B216]
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