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Trang chủThư Viện HươngLeek
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Tinh dầu tỏi tây

Leek

Allium porrum L.

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“Mùi tỏi tây / hành tây sống đặc trưng, lưu huỳnh nồng, hăng cay, mùi rau cải hơi, mùi nấu ăn, đặc trưng Allium”

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Tóm Tắt Khoa Học

Từ Thư Viện Kinh Điển

Leek essential oil (Allium porrum L., Liliaceae family — modern APG IV places Allium in Amaryllidaceae subfamily Allioideae, but B216 retains older Liliaceae classification) is a dipropyl-disulfide-DOMINANT aerial-parts steam-distilled organosulfur EO with anticoagulant-drug-interaction + skin-sensitization HAZARD signature, peer-class with B216 Allium-genus garlic (EO731 19b) + onion oil. B216 Ch.13 p.663–664 cites Abisset (private communication, 2004) chemistry: dipropyl disulfide 34.0% (dominant) + dipropyl trisulfide 19.5% + propyl allyl disulfide 8.1% + methyl propyl trisulfide 3.9% + methyl propyl disulfide 3.1% + dipropyl tetrasulfide 3.0% + methyl allyl sulfide 2.5% + octadecanoic acid 2.2% + dipropenyl trisulfide 2.1% + dipropenyl tetrasulfide 1.9% = ~80%+ organosulfur class combined. Hazard signature: T&Y verbatim "Hazards: Drug interaction; may inhibit blood clotting; skin sensitization." Cautions oral: Anticoagulant medication, major surgery, peptic ulcer, hemophilia, other bleeding disorders (Box 7.1). Cautions dermal: Use with caution on skin, especially if hypersensitive, diseased or damaged. CRITICAL drug-interaction-rail (B216 EXPLICIT verbatim): "Drug interactions: Anticoagulant medication, because of cardiovascular effects, above. See Table 4.10B." CRITICAL Allium-genus-cardiovascular-class rail (B216 EXPLICIT verbatim): "Onion oil possesses significant antiplatelet activity (see Onion profile). Since onion and leek oils share over 60% of their constituents, it seems likely that leek oil will possess a similar action." → leek-oil-antiplatelet by class-extrapolation from onion-oil despite no direct leek-oil cardiovascular study. CRITICAL skin-sensitization-class-extrapolation rail (B216 EXPLICIT verbatim): "No information found for leek oil or its two major constituents. Since garlic oil is moderately skin sensitizing, there is a suspicion that other essential oils rich in sulfur compounds might present a similar risk." → leek-skin-sensitization-suspicion by class-extrapolation from garlic EO731 19b moderate skin sensitization despite no direct leek dermal study. CRITICAL "rarely used on the skin" commercial-norm rail (B216 EXPLICIT verbatim): "Safe levels for dermal application of leek oil are not known, but essential oils of the Allium genus are rarely used on the skin." → commercial Allium-EO use is overwhelmingly oral/dietary/flavor not dermal/aromatic. Cap derivation: framework_default_cautious_0.1pct_dermal matching garlic EO731 19b organosulfur class precedent (B216 garlic max dermal 0.1% via Allyl disulfide profile Ch.14); oral cap at 30 mg/day cautious matching organosulfur Allium-genus class; pregnancy AVOID (Allium-EO class precaution). No carcinogen-class concern — B216 EXPLICIT "Carcinogenic/anticarcinogenic potential: No information found for leek oil, but it contains no known carcinogens." Continues Mini-Batch 23c heterogeneity-progression hazard-signatures (laurel-berry contraindicated-skin EU+Canada prohibited → leek anticoagulant-DI-organosulfur → lemon-balm-Australian citral-cap-3.4%-CYP2B6-teratogenicity).

🌿
Thận trọngNốt TopSulfurous-allium-sharp with cooking-leek-pungent character

Leek

Tinh dầu tỏi tây (leek — hành baro)

Allium porrum L.

Tinh dầu tỏi tây (leek — hành baro) — Sulfurous-allium-sharp with cooking-leek-pungent character

⚠️Tinh dầu này cần thận trọng khi sử dụng. Đọc kỹ hướng dẫn an toàn.

Tổng Quan

Danh pháp khoa học
Allium porrum L.
Họ thực vật
Liliaceae
Bộ phận dùng
Aerial parts
Phương pháp chiết xuất
steam_distillation
Màu sắc
—
Phân loại nốt hương
Nốt Top
Hương thơm
—
Chemotype / Cultivar
—

Các quốc gia sản xuất chính

FranceEgyptMediterranean

Tình trạng tại Việt Nam

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Phân loại nốt
Top
Cường độ
5/5
Độ bền trên da
2–4 giờ
Họ hương
Sulfurous-allium-sharp with cooking-leek-pungent character
Hương đầu (Opening)(0–15 phút)

Sulfurous, sharp, pungent, allium-cooking, raw-leek, slight-greenish, slight-cabbage, characteristically-Allium-genus

Hương giữa (Heart)(15–60 phút)

Mùi tỏi tây / hành tây sống đặc trưng, lưu huỳnh nồng, hăng cay, mùi rau cải hơi, mùi nấu ăn, đặc trưng Allium

Hương nền (Drydown)(1–4 giờ)

2–4 giờ

Cường độ hương
5/5
Da khô
1/5

Da dầu/mụn
2/5

Da lão hóa
1/5

Da thường
2/5

Da nhạy cảm
1/5

Da hỗn hợp
2/5

Nhập khẩuImported

Tên gọi tại Việt Nam

Tinh dầu tỏi tây (leek — hành baro)

Pha Chế & Hòa Hợp

Antimicrobial (broad-spectrum)

Dipropyl disulfide and related organosulfur constituents disrupt microbial cell membranes through thiol-reactive chemistry; evidence extrapolated from the garlic organosulfur extreme-dominance class.

Ref: class-extrapolation from Garlic (EO731, B216 Ch.13); Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13 Leek p.663–664

Antiplatelet / anticoagulant-potentiating

~60% shared organosulfur chemistry with onion EO (B216 explicit) inhibits platelet aggregation via additive thiol-reactive pathway; potentiates anticoagulant medications clinically.

Ref: Tisserand & Young 2014, Box 7.1 + Table 4.10B; class-extrapolation from Onion (B216 Ch.13)

Expectorant / respiratory mucolytic

Volatile organosulfur vapors (dipropyl disulfide) may loosen respiratory secretions via mucosal surface stimulation; supported by centuries of traditional Allium genus medicinal use.

Ref: Traditional Allium genus use; Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13 Leek p.663–664

Antifungal

Dipropyl disulfide may disrupt fungal cell membrane integrity via organosulfur thiol-reactive chemistry; evidence is theoretical/in-vitro class-extrapolation only; no leek-specific fungal data.

Ref: class-extrapolation from Garlic (EO731, B216 Ch.13); no leek-specific fungal data in B216 Ch.13 p.663–664

Anti-inflammatory

Organosulfur compounds across the Allium genus may modulate arachidonic acid metabolism and inflammatory signaling; leek EO has no independent anti-inflammatory study evidence.

Ref: class-extrapolation from Garlic (EO731, B216 Ch.13); Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13 Leek p.663–664

AI-summary

No RCT-grade clinical evidence exists for leek (Allium porrum) essential oil. B216 (Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13 pp.663–664) cites no controlled trials for this oil. Antiplatelet activity is extrapolated from onion EO via ~60% shared organosulfur chemistry per B216 explicit statement. Contact allergy cross-reaction with garlic-sensitive individuals is referenced via Papageorgiou et al 1983 (cited indirectly in B216 leek section). The 0.1% max dermal cap matches garlic class precedent for the Allium organosulfur extreme-dominance class. B216 explicitly notes the Allium genus is "rarely used on skin" as commercial norm. All therapeutic ratings above 1 reflect class-level extrapolation, not leek-specific controlled data.

Narrative

Tâm trạng: Stimulating, Grounding

vitalityprotectionresiliencecourageprimal energyearthiness

Chakra

root

Ngũ hành

kim

Phương phápLiều lượngGhi chú
Diffusion2–3 drops per 100 mL water in ultrasonic diffuserSafest primary route; avoids dermal sensitization risk entirely; limit sessions to 30 min; pungent organosulfur aroma — ventilate room well after use.
Steam inhalation1 drop in bowl of hot (not boiling) water; inhale 5–10 minFor respiratory support only; keep eyes closed; max 2 sessions per day; contraindicated in pregnancy and children under 12.
Topical massage0.1% max in carrier oil (2 drops per 50 mL carrier)Extremely restricted; Allium genus rarely used on skin per B216 commercial norm; mandatory patch test 24h before; avoid broken or sensitive skin, pregnancy, children, elderly, pre-surgery.

Dầu nền phù hợp

JojobaOxidation-stable wax ester; ideal for low-percentage applications requiring shelf stability; non-comedogenic; does not accelerate organosulfur oxidation.
Sweet almondLight, emollient texture; good skin penetration at 0.1% dilution; appropriate for non-sensitized adult skin patch-test applications.
Fractionated coconutUltra-light, odorless base; does not compete with or alter the organosulfur aroma character at minimal dilution; long shelf life.

Kết hợp tốt với

GreenSpicyEarthyHerbaceous

Blend kinh điển

—
—
—
—
[B216] Ch.13 p.663–664 Leek profile (this is primary source)
[Abisset, private communication 2004] Allium porrum aerial-parts EO chemistry (cited in B216 Ch.13 p.663)
[Onion profile B216] separate B216 Ch.13 entry (currently outside this batch); cited for antiplatelet activity class-extrapolation reference
[Garlic EO731 19b B216 Ch.13] class-extrapolation reference for skin-sensitization + max dermal 0.1% organosulfur class precedent
[B216 Box 7.1] Cautions oral list referenced for anticoagulant + major surgery + peptic ulcer + hemophilia + bleeding disorders
[B216 Table 4.10B] Drug interactions table referenced for anticoagulant medication class
[Papageorgiou et al 1983] referenced indirectly via B216 leek oil section (cross-reaction with garlic-sensitive individual contact allergy)
[Modern APG IV botanical classification] Amaryllidaceae subfamily Allioideae Allium-genus placement (vs B216 traditional Liliaceae)

An Toàn

Giới hạn da tối đa

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Giới hạn IFRA

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Thai kỳ & Cho con bú

Tam cá nguyệt 1Unknown
Tam cá nguyệt 2Unknown
Tam cá nguyệt 3Unknown

Giới hạn độ tuổi

Xem chi tiết

Bảo quản

Bảo quản nơi tối, mát

Xem hồ sơ an toàn chi tiết

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Hồ Sơ Hoá Học Chi Tiết
§3 Chemical Profile — chemotype, constituent ranges, adulteration

Per Abisset (private communication 2004) cited in B216 Ch.13 p.663:

Constituent%Role
Dipropyl disulfide (n-propyl disulfide)34.0%Dominant — organosulfur disulfide; characteristic leek-class marker; antiplatelet + skin-sensitizer-class-extrapolation peer with garlic diallyl disulfide
Dipropyl trisulfide (n-propyl trisulfide)19.5%Organosulfur trisulfide — class-shared with garlic diallyl trisulfide
Propyl allyl disulfide8.1%Mixed-substituent disulfide — bridges leek (propyl) and garlic (allyl) class chemistry
Methyl propyl trisulfide3.9%Mixed-substituent trisulfide
Methyl propyl disulfide3.1%Mixed-substituent disulfide — class-shared with onion methyl propyl disulfide
Dipropyl tetrasulfide3.0%Tetrasulfide — higher-sulfide oxidation state
Methyl allyl sulfide2.5%Sulfide (single-S) — short-chain volatile
Octadecanoic acid (stearic acid)2.2%Long-chain saturated fatty acid (non-volatile but distilled at high temperature)
Dipropenyl trisulfide2.1%Propenyl-substituent (vinyl-class) trisulfide
Dipropenyl tetrasulfide1.9%Propenyl-substituent (vinyl-class) tetrasulfide

Total organosulfur class (sulfides + disulfides + trisulfides + tetrasulfides): ~80%+ combined (34 + 19.5 + 8.1 + 3.9 + 3.1 + 3.0 + 2.5 + 2.1 + 1.9 = ~78.1%) — EXTREME-organosulfur-dominance chemotype, second-highest in B216 after garlic EO731 19b; class-shared marker with garlic + onion + ramsons + chives.

Dipropyl-disulfide-DOMINANT rail: 34.0% dipropyl disulfide is the highest-single-organosulfur-constituent in leek; class-distinguishes leek from garlic (diallyl disulfide-dominant) + onion (methyl propyl disulfide + propyl propenyl disulfide-dominant); n-propyl substituent class-marker (vs garlic allyl substituent + onion mixed propyl/propenyl substituent).

Onion-leek 60%+ shared-constituent class-rail (B216 EXPLICIT verbatim): "Since onion and leek oils share over 60% of their constituents, it seems likely that leek oil will possess a similar action [antiplatelet]." → antiplatelet-by-class-extrapolation from onion despite no direct leek cardiovascular study.

Garlic-leek skin-sensitizer-class-extrapolation rail (B216 EXPLICIT verbatim): "Since garlic oil is moderately skin sensitizing, there is a suspicion that other essential oils rich in sulfur compounds might present a similar risk." → skin-sensitizer-suspicion-by-class-extrapolation from garlic despite no direct leek dermal study.

Alliinase-enzymatic-precursor rail: All Allium-genus organosulfur compounds are formed via alliinase enzymatic action on cysteine-sulfoxide precursors (S-allyl-, S-propyl-, S-methyl-, S-1-propenyl-cysteine-sulfoxides) when plant tissue is damaged (cut, crushed, distilled); fresh intact leek does NOT contain the EO-class organosulfur compounds; alliinase converts precursors to thiosulfinates (allicin in garlic, propiin in leek/onion analog) which then decompose to disulfides + trisulfides + sulfides during steam distillation.

Octadecanoic-acid-trace rail: Stearic acid (C18:0) 2.2% is a non-volatile long-chain fatty acid; presence in EO suggests either (a) high-temperature distillation co-distillation or (b) wax/cuticle co-extraction; minor constituent class-shared with [[laurel-berry]] EO757 23c lauric acid 30% (but laurel-berry is combined fixed-oil + EO Madeira-style).

Công Dụng Trị Liệu Chi Tiết
§10 Therapeutic Uses — skin, emotional, physical, respiratory

Per B216 + traditional Mediterranean/Middle-Eastern medicine:

  • Cardiovascular (oral, very-low-dose, professional supervision only): Antiplatelet + circulation-supportive — class-extrapolated from onion-EO antiplatelet activity
  • Antimicrobial (theoretical): Organosulfur class broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity (similar to garlic + onion class); class-rail-only marker
  • Culinary use (NOT aromatherapy): Leek itself is widely used as a culinary vegetable (Mediterranean + French + Welsh national symbol); leek essential oil is rare commercial product mainly used in flavor industry
  • Modern aromatherapy: NOT recommended for routine aromatherapy — anticoagulant DI risk + skin-sensitization-class + sulfurous-Allium scent unsuitable for typical aromatic use; class-rail with garlic EO731 19b clinical-supervision-only oral use
  • Traditional Egyptian + Welsh + French heritage: Leek (the vegetable) was a Pharaonic Egyptian dietary staple (Pyramid Builders ration); Welsh national emblem since the 7th century (St. David); French national vegetable for vichyssoise + soupe à l'oignon; the EO per se is rare modern niche product
  • Vietnamese aromatherapy context: Tinh dầu tỏi tây / hành baro là sản phẩm hiếm + chuyên dụng với cảnh báo TƯƠNG TÁC THUỐC CHỐNG ĐÔNG MÁU (warfarin/heparin/clopidogrel/aspirin liều thấp hàng ngày); KHÔNG khuyến nghị dùng aromatherapy thông thường; chỉ dùng ngành flavor/hương liệu thực phẩm chuyên dụng. Bản thân tỏi tây (rau ăn) là phổ biến trong ẩm thực Việt + món súp Pháp / món ăn Trung Đông, nhưng đó là rau ăn KHÔNG phải tinh dầu.
Năng Lượng & Ngũ Hành
§11 Energetics — TCM, Ayurveda, aromatic energetics
  • Five Element: Metal (organosulfur class clearing + protective Wei-Qi-strengthening per traditional Allium pungent class)
  • Chakra: Throat (5th) + heart (4th) — per traditional Allium-genus protective + clearing class
  • Ayurvedic: Kapha-pacifying via pungent-warming organosulfur class; Pitta-aggravating; Vata-neutral
  • TCM: Warming + qi-moving + Wei-Qi-strengthening (protective Qi at body surface) per traditional pungent-allium class; cardiovascular-circulation-supportive per modern antiplatelet evidence
  • Mood: Stimulating + activating + warming — class-rail with garlic + onion energetic class
  • Heritage: Pharaonic Egyptian Pyramid Builders ration + Welsh national emblem (St. David 7th century) + French culinary tradition (vichyssoise) + Mediterranean folk medicine; EO per se is rare modern niche flavor-industry product

Dữ Liệu Kỹ Thuật Y Khoa

§14 Renderer Contract — Tisserand & Young V2.2

Thông Số Định Lượng

hazards
["drug_interaction_anticoagulant_TY_explicit","may_inhibit_blood_clotting_antiplatelet_class_extrapolation_from_onion","skin_sensitization_class_extrapolation_from_garlic","GI_mucosa_irritation_peptic_ulcer_caution","hypersensitive_diseased_damaged_skin_caution"]
phototoxic
false
safety_level
caution
cap_derivation
framework_default_cautious_0_1pct_dermal_matching_garlic_EO731_19b_allium_organosulfur_class_precedent_per_TY_garlic_max_dermal_0_1pct_via_allyl_disulfide_constituent_profile_ch14_PLUS_skin_sensitization_class_extrapolation_TY_explicit_verbatim_PLUS_drug_interaction_anticoagulant_TY_explicit_table_4_10B_box_7_1_PLUS_antiplatelet_class_extrapolation_from_onion_60pct_shared_constituents_TY_explicit_PLUS_allium_genus_rarely_used_on_skin_TY_explicit_commercial_norm
oxidation_risk
high
max_dilution_2_6
0
drug_interactions
["warfarin","heparin","dabigatran","apixaban","rivaroxaban","edoxaban","clopidogrel","ticagrelor","prasugrel","aspirin_daily_low_dose","NSAIDs_ibuprofen_naproxen","major_surgery_discontinue_14_days_pre_procedure"]
max_dilution_6_12
0
shelf_life_months
12
max_dilution_adult
0.1
contraindicated_all
false
max_dilution_elderly
0.1
max_oral_dose_mg_day
30
max_dilution_sensitive
0
max_dilution_adult_face
0
contraindicated_children
true
contraindicated_pregnancy
true
max_dilution_child_under2
0
max_dilution_breastfeeding
0
max_dilution_pregnancy_1st
0
max_dilution_pregnancy_2nd
0
max_dilution_pregnancy_3rd
0

Luận Giải Văn Cảnh

hazards

hazards: [drug_interaction_anticoagulant_T_AND_Y_explicit_table_4_10B_box_7_1, may_inhibit_blood_clotting_antiplatelet_class_extrapolation_from_onion_60pct_shared_constituents, skin_sensitization_class_extrapolation_from_garlic_moderate_per_TY_explicit, GI_mucosa_irritation_peptic_ulcer_caution_box_7_1, hypersensitive_diseased_damaged_skin_caution_TY_explicit]

storage

oxidation_risk: high

dilution

max_dilution_adult: 0

botanical

latin_name: Allium porrum L

chemistry

dominant_constituent: Dipropyl disulfide

commercial

availability: rare

oil_metadata

slug: leek

safety_flags

phototoxic: FALSE

Tài Liệu Y Khoa Tham Khảo

  • B216 (Tisserand & Young 2014, "Essential Oil Safety, 2nd Ed.") — Ch.13 p.663–664 Leek profile (this is primary source)
  • Abisset, private communication 2004 — Allium porrum aerial-parts EO chemistry (cited in B216 Ch.13 p.663)
  • Onion profile B216 — separate B216 Ch.13 entry (currently outside this batch); cited for antiplatelet activity class-extrapolation reference
  • [[Garlic]] EO731 19b B216 Ch.13 — class-extrapolation reference for skin-sensitization + max dermal 0.1% organosulfur class precedent
  • B216 Box 7.1 — Cautions oral list referenced for anticoagulant + major surgery + peptic ulcer + hemophilia + bleeding disorders
  • B216 Table 4.10B — Drug interactions table referenced for anticoagulant medication class
  • Papageorgiou et al 1983 — referenced indirectly via B216 leek oil section (cross-reaction with garlic-sensitive individual contact allergy)
  • Modern APG IV botanical classification — Amaryllidaceae subfamily Allioideae Allium-genus placement (vs B216 traditional Liliaceae)