Kesom essential oil (Polygonum minus Huds., Polygonaceae family) is an aliphatic-aldehyde-DOMINANT Malaysian aerial-parts essential oil with characteristic dodecanal + decanal extreme dominance and dermal-irritant caution from dodecanal full-strength rabbit irritation rail. B216 Ch.13 p.643–644 cites Hunter et al 1997 chemistry: dodecanal 44.1% + decanal 27.7% + decanol 10.9% + β-caryophyllene 3.8% + dodecanol 2.6% + α-caryophyllene 1.5% + undecane 1.1%. Hazard signature: T&Y verbatim "Hazards: None known. Cautions (dermal): May be a skin irritant." No T&Y dermal cap stated → framework default 5.0% applied with dermal-caution caveat. Adverse skin reactions: B216 verbatim "No information found. When applied full strength to rabbits for 24 hours under occlusion, dodecanal was severely irritating (see Dodecanal profile, Chapter 14)." — dodecanal-full-strength-irritant rail (CRITICAL — dodecanal 44.1% is dominant constituent). Acute toxicity: B216 verbatim "No information found. Dodecanal does not appear to be toxic (see Dodecanal profile, Chapter 14)." Carcinogenic potential: B216 verbatim "No information was found for kesom oil, but it contains no known carcinogens. α- and β-caryophyllene display anticarcinogenic activity (see Constituent profiles, Chapter 14)" — anticarcinogenic-constituent-class marker (caryophyllene-class only). Polygonaceae-family-SINGLETON rail — Polygonaceae (knotweed/buckwheat family) has very few commercial essential oils; Polygonum minus (kesom) is the lead aliphatic-aldehyde-dominant Polygonaceae aerial-parts EO; chemotaxonomically distinctive with aldehyde-class dominance unusual in commercial aromatherapy (most aldehyde-rich oils are citrus peel like lemon/lime — kesom is a non-citrus aliphatic-aldehyde class). Aliphatic-aldehyde-DOMINANT chemotype rail (CRITICAL) — dodecanal 44.1% + decanal 27.7% = 71.8% combined aliphatic-aldehyde class — extreme dominance in aliphatic-aldehyde class; class-shared partly with [[lime]] + [[lemon]] (decanal + octanal aldehyde-rich citrus) but kesom has heavier-chain dodecanal as primary marker (NOT typical citrus profile). Vietnamese-rau-răm species-disambiguation rail (CRITICAL B216 verbatim): B216 EXPLICIT "The source of kesom in Malaysia (where the oil is produced) is said to be P. minus but the culinary herb, in Vietnam and the USA, is said to be P. odoratum Loureiro. It is very likely that they are one and the same species (Tucker, private communication, 2003)" — Vietnamese rau răm (Polygonum odoratum Lour.) and Malaysian kesom/daun kesum (Polygonum minus Huds.) are very-likely-same-species per Tucker; commercial chemistry analysis on Malaysian-sourced essential oil; Vietnamese culinary use (rau răm trong phở/bún chả) is fresh-herb culinary not EO context. Limited availability per B216 verbatim "Limited availability." Middle position in 23a clean trio: katrafay (sesquiterpene-hydrocarbon Madagascar bark) → kesom (THIS oil, aliphatic-aldehyde Malaysian aerial parts with dermal-caution caveat) → [[kewda]] (phenolic-ether-dominant Indian flower).
Tổng Quan
- Danh pháp khoa học
- Polygonum minus Huds.
- Họ thực vật
- Polygonaceae
- Bộ phận dùng
- Aerial parts
- Phương pháp chiết xuất
- steam_distillation
- Màu sắc
- —
- Phân loại nốt hương
- Nốt Top
- Hương thơm
- —
- Chemotype / Cultivar
- —
Các quốc gia sản xuất chính
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razor-sharp green burst cutting through the air, fatty-fresh coriander pungency with waxy depth, luminous soapy-clean aldehyde luminosity, wild Vietnamese herb intensity without apology, citrus-adjacent shadow that never quite becomes fruit
xanh sắc bén bùng nổ tươi mát, béo tươi nồng đặc kiểu rau mùi Việt, sáp sạch trong veo aldehyde rạng rỡ, rau răm hoang dại mạnh mẽ đặc trưng, thoáng bóng cam chanh mờ nhạt không thành quả
2–4 giờ
Tên gọi tại Việt Nam
Pha Chế & Hòa Hợp
Dodecanal (C12, 44.1%) and decanal (C10, 27.7%) disrupt microbial cell membranes via long-chain aliphatic aldehyde surfactant-like properties; combined 71.8% aldehyde dominance drives antimicrobial activity consistent with this chemotype class.
Ref: Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.14 dodecanal constituent profile; class-extrapolation from non-citrus aliphatic aldehyde constituent class
β-Caryophyllene, a minor sesquiterpene constituent, acts as a selective CB2 endocannabinoid receptor agonist, modulating pro-inflammatory cytokine release and reducing tissue inflammation at constituent level.
Ref: class-extrapolation from β-caryophyllene constituent profile; Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.14
β-Caryophyllene and α-caryophyllene sesquiterpene hydrocarbons present as minor constituents demonstrate anticarcinogenic activity via apoptotic and anti-proliferative mechanisms in cell-culture studies.
Ref: Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.14 — β-caryophyllene + α-caryophyllene anticarcinogenic activity (constituent class)
Traditional Vietnamese use of rau răm (P. minus / P. odoratum) for digestive complaints; the aldehyde-rich aromatic profile is consistent with carminative activity documented across culinary-medicinal aromatic species.
Ref: Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13 p.643–644; Tucker AO 2003 (P. minus = Vietnamese rau răm)
The fresh, herbaceous-spicy aldehyde character driven by dodecanal and decanal activates olfactory pathways associated with mood elevation and mental clarity in inhalation aromatherapy.
Ref: Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13 p.643–644 (kesom monograph)
AI-summary
Traditional aromatherapy and ethnomedicinal use; no RCT-grade clinical evidence located for kesom essential oil. The dominant constituents dodecanal (44.1%) and decanal (27.7%) are characterised in Tisserand & Young 2014 Ch.14 for aldehyde-class antimicrobial activity and dermal irritation potential at full strength. Minor sesquiterpenes β-caryophyllene and α-caryophyllene carry anticarcinogenic and anti-inflammatory constituent-class evidence (T&Y 2014 Ch.14). The fresh herb rau răm (Polygonum minus / P. odoratum) has centuries of Vietnamese ethnomedicinal use for digestive complaints, but the steam-distilled EO constituent profile differs substantially from the whole plant — plant ethnobotany cannot substitute as direct EO clinical evidence. Patch test before topical use is strongly recommended per T&Y Ch.14 dodecanal full-strength rabbit-irritation data.
NarrativeTâm trạng: Stimulating, Uplifting
Chakra
solar
Ngũ hành
moc
| Phương pháp | Liều lượng | Ghi chú |
|---|---|---|
| Diffusion | 2–4 drops in 100 ml water | Limit sessions to 30–45 min; prolonged exposure to dodecanal vapour may irritate mucous membranes. Blends with citrus or herbaceous notes to soften the aldehyde profile. |
| Topical massage | 1–2% in carrier oil (3–6 drops per 10 ml) | Patch test mandatory (T&Y Ch.14 dodecanal full-strength irritation). Keep well below 5% max dermal. Suitable for abdominal digestive massage; avoid face and mucous-membrane areas. |
| Personal inhaler | 2–3 drops on cotton wick | Dry inhalation avoids skin-contact risk; suitable for uplifting and digestive-tonic aromatic use. Do not inhale directly from undiluted bottle — aldehyde vapour at close range irritates nasal mucosa. |
| Skincare blend (leave-on) | 0.5–1% in serum or lotion | Very low concentration required for leave-on use; patch test 24 h before application. Not recommended for sensitive or compromised skin barriers without prior tolerance confirmation. |
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