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Tinh dầu kesom

Kesom

Polygonum minus Huds.

TopKhác

xanh sắc bén bùng nổ tươi mát, béo tươi nồng đặc kiểu rau mùi Việt, sáp sạch trong veo aldehyde rạng rỡ, rau răm hoang dại mạnh mẽ đặc trưng, thoáng bóng cam chanh mờ nhạt không thành quả

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Tóm Tắt Khoa Học

Từ Thư Viện Kinh Điển

Kesom essential oil (Polygonum minus Huds., Polygonaceae family) is an aliphatic-aldehyde-DOMINANT Malaysian aerial-parts essential oil with characteristic dodecanal + decanal extreme dominance and dermal-irritant caution from dodecanal full-strength rabbit irritation rail. B216 Ch.13 p.643–644 cites Hunter et al 1997 chemistry: dodecanal 44.1% + decanal 27.7% + decanol 10.9% + β-caryophyllene 3.8% + dodecanol 2.6% + α-caryophyllene 1.5% + undecane 1.1%. Hazard signature: T&Y verbatim "Hazards: None known. Cautions (dermal): May be a skin irritant." No T&Y dermal cap stated → framework default 5.0% applied with dermal-caution caveat. Adverse skin reactions: B216 verbatim "No information found. When applied full strength to rabbits for 24 hours under occlusion, dodecanal was severely irritating (see Dodecanal profile, Chapter 14)." — dodecanal-full-strength-irritant rail (CRITICAL — dodecanal 44.1% is dominant constituent). Acute toxicity: B216 verbatim "No information found. Dodecanal does not appear to be toxic (see Dodecanal profile, Chapter 14)." Carcinogenic potential: B216 verbatim "No information was found for kesom oil, but it contains no known carcinogens. α- and β-caryophyllene display anticarcinogenic activity (see Constituent profiles, Chapter 14)" — anticarcinogenic-constituent-class marker (caryophyllene-class only). Polygonaceae-family-SINGLETON rail — Polygonaceae (knotweed/buckwheat family) has very few commercial essential oils; Polygonum minus (kesom) is the lead aliphatic-aldehyde-dominant Polygonaceae aerial-parts EO; chemotaxonomically distinctive with aldehyde-class dominance unusual in commercial aromatherapy (most aldehyde-rich oils are citrus peel like lemon/lime — kesom is a non-citrus aliphatic-aldehyde class). Aliphatic-aldehyde-DOMINANT chemotype rail (CRITICAL) — dodecanal 44.1% + decanal 27.7% = 71.8% combined aliphatic-aldehyde class — extreme dominance in aliphatic-aldehyde class; class-shared partly with [[lime]] + [[lemon]] (decanal + octanal aldehyde-rich citrus) but kesom has heavier-chain dodecanal as primary marker (NOT typical citrus profile). Vietnamese-rau-răm species-disambiguation rail (CRITICAL B216 verbatim): B216 EXPLICIT "The source of kesom in Malaysia (where the oil is produced) is said to be P. minus but the culinary herb, in Vietnam and the USA, is said to be P. odoratum Loureiro. It is very likely that they are one and the same species (Tucker, private communication, 2003)" — Vietnamese rau răm (Polygonum odoratum Lour.) and Malaysian kesom/daun kesum (Polygonum minus Huds.) are very-likely-same-species per Tucker; commercial chemistry analysis on Malaysian-sourced essential oil; Vietnamese culinary use (rau răm trong phở/bún chả) is fresh-herb culinary not EO context. Limited availability per B216 verbatim "Limited availability." Middle position in 23a clean trio: katrafay (sesquiterpene-hydrocarbon Madagascar bark) → kesom (THIS oil, aliphatic-aldehyde Malaysian aerial parts with dermal-caution caveat) → [[kewda]] (phenolic-ether-dominant Indian flower).

🌿
Thận trọngNốt TopGreen

Kesom

Tinh dầu kesom (rau răm Việt Nam / Vietnamese coriander)

Polygonum minus Huds.

Tinh dầu kesom (rau răm Việt Nam / Vietnamese coriander) — Green

⚠️Tinh dầu này cần thận trọng khi sử dụng. Đọc kỹ hướng dẫn an toàn.

Tổng Quan

Danh pháp khoa học
Polygonum minus Huds.
Họ thực vật
Polygonaceae
Bộ phận dùng
Aerial parts
Phương pháp chiết xuất
steam_distillation
Màu sắc
Phân loại nốt hương
Nốt Top
Hương thơm
Chemotype / Cultivar

Các quốc gia sản xuất chính

MalaysiaVietnam

Tình trạng tại Việt Nam

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Phân loại nốt
Top
Cường độ
4/5
Độ bền trên da
2–4 giờ
Họ hương
Green
Hương đầu (Opening)(0–15 phút)

razor-sharp green burst cutting through the air, fatty-fresh coriander pungency with waxy depth, luminous soapy-clean aldehyde luminosity, wild Vietnamese herb intensity without apology, citrus-adjacent shadow that never quite becomes fruit

Hương giữa (Heart)(15–60 phút)

xanh sắc bén bùng nổ tươi mát, béo tươi nồng đặc kiểu rau mùi Việt, sáp sạch trong veo aldehyde rạng rỡ, rau răm hoang dại mạnh mẽ đặc trưng, thoáng bóng cam chanh mờ nhạt không thành quả

Hương nền (Drydown)(1–4 giờ)

2–4 giờ

Cường độ hương
4/5
Da khô
2/5

Da dầu/mụn
3/5

Da lão hóa
2/5

Da thường
3/5

Da nhạy cảm
1/5

Da hỗn hợp
3/5

Nhập khẩuImported

Tên gọi tại Việt Nam

Tinh dầu kesom (rau răm Việt Nam / Vietnamese coriander)

Pha Chế & Hòa Hợp

Antimicrobial (broad-spectrum)

Dodecanal (C12, 44.1%) and decanal (C10, 27.7%) disrupt microbial cell membranes via long-chain aliphatic aldehyde surfactant-like properties; combined 71.8% aldehyde dominance drives antimicrobial activity consistent with this chemotype class.

Ref: Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.14 dodecanal constituent profile; class-extrapolation from non-citrus aliphatic aldehyde constituent class

Anti-inflammatory

β-Caryophyllene, a minor sesquiterpene constituent, acts as a selective CB2 endocannabinoid receptor agonist, modulating pro-inflammatory cytokine release and reducing tissue inflammation at constituent level.

Ref: class-extrapolation from β-caryophyllene constituent profile; Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.14

Anticarcinogenic (constituent class)

β-Caryophyllene and α-caryophyllene sesquiterpene hydrocarbons present as minor constituents demonstrate anticarcinogenic activity via apoptotic and anti-proliferative mechanisms in cell-culture studies.

Ref: Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.14 — β-caryophyllene + α-caryophyllene anticarcinogenic activity (constituent class)

Digestive tonic (traditional)

Traditional Vietnamese use of rau răm (P. minus / P. odoratum) for digestive complaints; the aldehyde-rich aromatic profile is consistent with carminative activity documented across culinary-medicinal aromatic species.

Ref: Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13 p.643–644; Tucker AO 2003 (P. minus = Vietnamese rau răm)

Aromatic stimulant / uplifting

The fresh, herbaceous-spicy aldehyde character driven by dodecanal and decanal activates olfactory pathways associated with mood elevation and mental clarity in inhalation aromatherapy.

Ref: Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13 p.643–644 (kesom monograph)

AI-summary

Traditional aromatherapy and ethnomedicinal use; no RCT-grade clinical evidence located for kesom essential oil. The dominant constituents dodecanal (44.1%) and decanal (27.7%) are characterised in Tisserand & Young 2014 Ch.14 for aldehyde-class antimicrobial activity and dermal irritation potential at full strength. Minor sesquiterpenes β-caryophyllene and α-caryophyllene carry anticarcinogenic and anti-inflammatory constituent-class evidence (T&Y 2014 Ch.14). The fresh herb rau răm (Polygonum minus / P. odoratum) has centuries of Vietnamese ethnomedicinal use for digestive complaints, but the steam-distilled EO constituent profile differs substantially from the whole plant — plant ethnobotany cannot substitute as direct EO clinical evidence. Patch test before topical use is strongly recommended per T&Y Ch.14 dodecanal full-strength rabbit-irritation data.

Narrative

Tâm trạng: Stimulating, Uplifting

alertnessclarityvitalityfocusinvigorationfreshness

Chakra

solar

Ngũ hành

moc

Phương phápLiều lượngGhi chú
Diffusion2–4 drops in 100 ml waterLimit sessions to 30–45 min; prolonged exposure to dodecanal vapour may irritate mucous membranes. Blends with citrus or herbaceous notes to soften the aldehyde profile.
Topical massage1–2% in carrier oil (3–6 drops per 10 ml)Patch test mandatory (T&Y Ch.14 dodecanal full-strength irritation). Keep well below 5% max dermal. Suitable for abdominal digestive massage; avoid face and mucous-membrane areas.
Personal inhaler2–3 drops on cotton wickDry inhalation avoids skin-contact risk; suitable for uplifting and digestive-tonic aromatic use. Do not inhale directly from undiluted bottle — aldehyde vapour at close range irritates nasal mucosa.
Skincare blend (leave-on)0.5–1% in serum or lotionVery low concentration required for leave-on use; patch test 24 h before application. Not recommended for sensitive or compromised skin barriers without prior tolerance confirmation.

Dầu nền phù hợp

JojobaOxidatively stable liquid wax pairs well with aldehyde-dominant EOs prone to degradation; non-comedogenic with long shelf life, extending product stability.
Sweet almond oilMild, gentle base ideal for digestive abdominal massage; light texture absorbs well without competing with the distinctive aliphatic aldehyde aroma.
Fractionated coconut oilOdourless and very light; preserves the distinctive kesom aromatic profile without carrier-scent interference; oxidatively stable for blends.
Grapeseed oilLight, mildly astringent carrier that complements antimicrobial targeting of oily or combination skin; absorbs quickly without greasiness.

Kết hợp tốt với

GreenCitrusHerbaceousSpicyFloral

Blend kinh điển

Chưa có dữ liệu tham khảo.

An Toàn

Giới hạn da tối đa

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Giới hạn IFRA

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Thai kỳ & Cho con bú

Tam cá nguyệt 1Unknown
Tam cá nguyệt 2Unknown
Tam cá nguyệt 3Unknown

Giới hạn độ tuổi

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Bảo quản

Bảo quản nơi tối, mát

Thông tin chỉ mang tính tham khảo, không thay thế tư vấn y tế chuyên nghiệp. SYMELab v2.0

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Hồ Sơ Hoá Học Chi Tiết
§3 Chemical Profile — chemotype, constituent ranges, adulteration

Per Hunter et al 1997 cited in B216 Ch.13 p.643:

Constituent%Role
Dodecanal44.1%Extreme-dominant aliphatic aldehyde — characteristic kesom signature; coriander-fresh-fatty character; dermal-irritant rail (full-strength rabbit irritation per Ch.14 dodecanal profile)
Decanal27.7%Heavy-supporting aliphatic aldehyde — citrus-fresh-orangey nuance
Decanol10.9%Aliphatic alcohol — fatty-citrus-clean cushion
β-Caryophyllene3.8%Sesquiterpene — anti-inflammatory class-marker
Dodecanol2.6%Aliphatic alcohol — fatty-clean cushion
α-Caryophyllene (humulene)1.5%Sesquiterpene — peer with β-caryophyllene
Undecane1.1%Aliphatic hydrocarbon — minor

Aliphatic-aldehyde-DOMINANT chemotype rail (CRITICAL): Dodecanal 44.1% + decanal 27.7% = 71.8% combined aliphatic-aldehyde class — extreme dominance unusual in commercial EOs. Class-shared partly with [[lime]] (decanal 1–2% + octanal 1–2%) + [[lemon]] (decanal + octanal 1–3%) + [[mandarin]] (decanal + octanal 1–3%) — but citrus aldehyde-class oils have aldehydes as MINOR constituents (1–5% combined); kesom has aldehydes as DOMINANT constituents (71.8% combined). Citrus-vs-non-citrus aliphatic-aldehyde distinction rail.

Aliphatic-alcohol class rail: Decanol 10.9% + dodecanol 2.6% = ~13.5% aliphatic-alcohol class — fatty-clean-cushion class; class-shared partly with citrus and floral oils containing aliphatic alcohols.

Sesquiterpene-class minor rail: β-Caryophyllene 3.8% + α-caryophyllene 1.5% = ~5.3% caryophyllene-class — anti-inflammatory + anticarcinogenic constituent-class marker per T&Y Ch.14 (constituent class only — not therapeutic claim for topical EO use). Class-shared with [[copaiba]] + [[clove-bud]] + [[black-pepper]] caryophyllene-rich oils.

Dodecanal-full-strength-irritant rail (CRITICAL B216 verbatim): B216 explicit "When applied full strength to rabbits for 24 hours under occlusion, dodecanal was severely irritating (see Dodecanal profile, Chapter 14)." Dodecanal 44.1% is dominant kesom constituent — full-strength oil could mirror dodecanal full-strength rabbit-irritation; framework dilution to 5.0% provides irritation safety margin via standard dilution-cascade.

Coriander-fresh-fatty character rail: Aliphatic-aldehyde-dominant chemistry creates "coriander-fresh-fatty-citrus-grassy" olfactory signature reminiscent of fresh coriander leaf (Coriandrum sativum) but with heavier fatty-aldehyde dominance — this is precisely why kesom is called "Vietnamese coriander" + "Vietnamese mint" + "laksa leaf" in culinary contexts (provides coriander-mint-citrus blended fresh-herb character to laksa, phở, bún chả).

Công Dụng Trị Liệu Chi Tiết
§10 Therapeutic Uses — skin, emotional, physical, respiratory

Kesom EO has Malaysian/Vietnamese herbal-culinary medicinal positioning with clean immediate hazard profile + dermal-caution caveat:

  • Antimicrobial / antifungal — aliphatic-aldehyde + sesquiterpene synergy class-shared with citrus aldehyde-rich oils; useful in food-grade antimicrobial blends + skin antifungal blends (with appropriate dilution)
  • Digestive (carminative + appetite stimulant) — Vietnamese culinary tradition uses rau răm fresh leaf with rich/fatty foods (hột vịt lộn, gỏi cuốn) for digestive carminative effect; EO at low dilution may share class-marker carminative effect; class-shared with [[coriander]] (seed) + [[fennel]] traditional digestive class
  • Insect repellent / outdoor — aliphatic-aldehyde + aliphatic-hydrocarbon (undecane) provides insect-deterrent properties; class-shared with citronella (citronellal-rich) + lemon-eucalyptus aldehyde-rich repellent class
  • Skincare (caution + patch test required) — sparse data + dermal-irritant rail; framework safe at 5% with patch test; useful as fresh-fatty-citrus accent in carefully-formulated skin blends
  • Vietnamese-culinary-cultural-heritage context — rau răm has thousands-of-years cultural presence in Vietnamese cuisine; fresh leaves added to phở/bún chả/hột vịt lộn/gỏi cuốn for fresh-fatty-aromatic herb accent; EO is NOT culinary-grade equivalent (NEVER ingest EO undiluted) — fresh-herb-vs-EO distinction rail
  • Malaysian laksa-leaf cultural-heritage context — daun kesum is essential ingredient in laksa (Penang asam laksa, laksa lemak); fresh leaves provide signature laksa-aroma; EO concentrated form for non-culinary aromatherapy applications
  • Limitation (CRITICAL) — dodecanal-full-strength-irritant rail; patch test STRONGLY RECOMMENDED before clinical use
  • Limitation — sparse human safety data; framework defaults with practitioner oversight
  • Limitation — aliphatic-aldehyde oxidation-prone; refrigerated storage + antioxidant adjunct recommended

Note on EO vs fresh-herb: Kesom steam-distilled aerial-parts essential oil (this oil — concentrated dodecanal 44.1%) ≠ fresh rau răm leaf (Vietnamese culinary herb — diluted-fresh-form, dietary-amount safe consumption). NEVER ingest EO at culinary doses — EO is concentrated 100–500x relative to fresh herb. Standard EO-vs-fresh-herb distinction rail.

Note on Vietnamese rau răm vs Malaysian kesom: Per B216 + Tucker 2003, very likely same species (P. minus = P. odoratum); Vietnamese rau răm (culinary fresh herb) and Malaysian kesom/daun kesum (commercial EO source) are conspecific; chemistry analysis above is on Malaysian-sourced EO; Vietnamese rau răm fresh leaf is fresh-form same chemistry but at much lower concentration.

Năng Lượng & Ngũ Hành
§11 Energetics — TCM, Ayurveda, aromatic energetics
  • TCM affinity: Spleen + Stomach + Lung channels (carminative-fresh Spleen-Stomach digestive + fresh-aromatic Lung-Qi mobilizing)
  • Five-element: Mộc (Wood) primary via fresh-aromatic-grassy character · Hỏa (Fire) secondary via warming-carminative-digestive · Thổ (Earth) tertiary via Spleen-Stomach digestive support
  • Ayurvedic dosha: Kapha-clearing (fresh-aromatic carminative), Pitta-balancing (cooling-fresh), Vata-balancing minor (grounding-fatty cushion)
  • Planetary: Mercury (fresh-volatile-aromatic) / Venus (culinary-pleasure-cuisine)
  • Vietnamese-rau-răm cultural-heritage — thousands-of-years cultural presence in Vietnamese cuisine + traditional Vietnamese folk medicine (carminative + digestive + antimicrobial folk uses); deep cultural-heritage rau-răm rail
  • Malaysian-kesom-laksa cultural-heritage — essential laksa-leaf in Malaysian + Singaporean Peranakan cuisine; Penang asam laksa + laksa lemak signature ingredient
  • Modern aromatherapy heritage — kesom emerged in 1990s/2000s Western aromatherapy via Malaysian EO exporters; positioning as fresh-aldehyde-citrus-coriander-leaf alternative to citrus EOs

Dữ Liệu Kỹ Thuật Y Khoa

§14 Renderer Contract — Tisserand & Young V2.2

Thông Số Định Lượng

hazards
["dermal_irritant_caution_dodecanal_44_1pct_full_strength_rabbit_irritation_rail"]
phototoxic
false
safety_level
caution
cap_derivation
framework_default_5pct_TY_none_known_with_dermal_irritant_caution_no_constituent_driven_hard_cap_with_dodecanal_44_1pct_dominant_full_strength_rabbit_irritation_rail_per_B216_verbatim_patch_test_recommended
oxidation_risk
high
drug_interactions
[]
shelf_life_months
18
max_dilution_adult
5
contraindicated_all
false
max_dilution_elderly
3
max_oral_dose_mg_day
100
max_dilution_child_2_6
1.5
max_dilution_sensitive
2.5
max_dilution_adult_face
2.5
max_dilution_child_6_12
2.5
contraindicated_children
false
contraindicated_pregnancy
false
max_dilution_child_under2
0.5
max_dilution_breastfeeding
5
max_dilution_pregnancy_1st
5
max_dilution_pregnancy_2nd
5
max_dilution_pregnancy_3rd
5

Luận Giải Văn Cảnh

hazards

hazards: ["dermal_irritant_caution_dodecanal_44_1_pct_full_strength_rabbit_irritation_rail"]

storage

oxidation_risk: high

dilution

max_dilution_adult: 5

botanical

latin_name: Polygonum minus Huds

chemistry

dominant_constituent: Dodecanal

commercial

availability: niche

oil_metadata

slug: kesom

safety_flags

phototoxic: FALSE

Tài Liệu Y Khoa Tham Khảo

  • Tisserand R, Young R (2014). Essential Oil Safety: A Guide for Health Care Professionals (2nd ed.), Ch. 13 p. 643–644. Kesom monograph.
  • Hunter MV, Brophy JJ, Ralph BJ, Bienvenu FE (1997). [Composition of Polygonum minus essential oil from Malaysia.] Cited in T&Y for kesom chemistry profile.
  • Tisserand R, Young R (2014). Dodecanal constituent profile, Ch.14 — full-strength rabbit-irritation rail; "does not appear to be toxic" oral.
  • Tisserand R, Young R (2014). β-Caryophyllene + α-caryophyllene constituent profiles, Ch.14 — anticarcinogenic activity (constituent class).
  • Tucker AO (private communication, 2003). Polygonum minus (kesom Malaysia) ≡ Polygonum odoratum Loureiro (Vietnamese rau răm) very-likely-same-species. Cited in T&Y.