Inula essential oil (Dittrichia graveolens (L.) Greuter, syn. Inula graveolens, Asteraceae family — common name "sweet inula" or "camphor inula") is a bornyl-acetate-dominant + borneol + cadinol cluster + camphene flowering-top steam distillate with fully clean Tisserand & Young profile ("Hazards: None known. Contraindications: None known."). B216 Ch.13 p.629–630 cites Badoux (private communication 2002) chemistry: bornyl acetate 46.1% + borneol 15.3% + T-cadinol 7.5% + camphene 4.5% + 2,3-dehydro-1,8-cineole 2.5% + β-caryophyllene 2.4% + caryophyllene oxide 2.2% + γ-cadinene 1.5% + α-terpineol 1.4% + p-menthadienol 1.2% + p-menthadienol isomer 1.2% + dimethyl-dimethylenebicycloundecan-β-ol 1.2%. Bornyl acetate + borneol = 61.4% combined bornyl-class dominance — characteristic "sweet/camphor inula" signature. Framework caps default conservative (no T&Y dermal cap stated; bornyl acetate + borneol non-reactive in skin per Constituent profiles Ch.14): adult dermal 5.0% + sensitive 3.0% + pregnancy 5.0% + pediatric cascade + max_oral 700 mg/day. CRITICAL species-disambiguation rail (T&Y EXPLICIT verbatim): "Should not be confused with elecampane oil, Inula helenium." — THIS OIL (Dittrichia graveolens / sweet-inula / camphor-inula) is CLEAN; ≠ elecampane EO (Inula helenium, separate B216 entry, EXTREME-SENSITIZER alantolactone-class oil — T&Y "Do not use" category for skin per dermal sensitization potential of sesquiterpene lactones). Two oils share genus-name "Inula" in vernacular but are radically different in safety profile + chemistry + species + phytochemistry. Bornyl-acetate-dominant peer class — class-shared with [[fir-needle-canadian]] (EO721 18a) + [[fir-needle-himalayan]] (EO722 18a) + [[fir-cones-silver]] (EO720 17c) + [[goldenrod]] (EO735 20a) + valerian-class oils where bornyl acetate is signature dominant + borneol secondary marker. Asteraceae-tribe-Inuleae class — Dittrichia graveolens (formerly Inula graveolens before 1973 taxonomic revision splitting Dittrichia from Inula) — distinct from tribe Astereae (goldenrod, grindelia from 20a/20b) and tribe Anthemideae (chamomile-class). Asteraceae family heterogeneity rail. Limited commercial availability per B216 verbatim. Forms 22a heterogeneity trio with [[hyacinth]] EO745 (Liliaceae methyleugenol-cap absolute) + [[jaborandi]] EO747 (Rutaceae prohibited contraindicated_all) — middle-position clean profile within radically heterogeneous batch.
Tổng Quan
- Danh pháp khoa học
- Dittrichia graveolens (L.) Greuter
- Họ thực vật
- Asteraceae
- Bộ phận dùng
- Flowering tops
- Phương pháp chiết xuất
- steam_distillation
- Màu sắc
- —
- Phân loại nốt hương
- Nốt Middle
- Hương thơm
- —
- Chemotype / Cultivar
- —
Các quốc gia sản xuất chính
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sweetly camphoraceous, cool alpine fir breath, soft resinous warmth, medicinal clarity laced with gentle sweetness, bright clean conifer exhale
long não ngọt dịu, hơi thở rừng thông mát lạnh, nhựa cây ấm áp dịu nhẹ, rõ ràng dược liệu mà vẫn ngọt ngào, trong trẻo tinh khiết của cây lá kim
2–4 giờ
Tên gọi tại Việt Nam
Pha Chế & Hòa Hợp
Bornyl acetate (46.1%), dominant constituent, is the bornyl ester class marker traditionally associated with mucolytic and expectorant activity; promotes loosening of bronchial secretions across Asteraceae and Pinaceae bornyl-class oils.
Ref: Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13 p.629–630; Badoux D (2002) chemistry; class-extrapolation from bornyl-acetate-class peers (fir-needle-siberian, goldenrod)
Borneol (15.3%) and bornyl acetate together exert mild analgesic and counter-irritant effects via modulation of local sensory nerve activity; provides mild pain-relieving character in topical application to muscles and joints.
Ref: Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.14 — borneol constituent profile; class-extrapolation from borneol-bearing EOs
Borneol (15.3%) has demonstrated antimicrobial activity at constituent level; bornyl acetate contributes modest antimicrobial character, though substantially lower potency than phenol-class or aldehyde-class oils.
Ref: class-extrapolation from borneol constituent data; Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.14 — borneol constituent profile
Bornyl acetate is associated with inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators in in-vitro models across bornyl-class Asteraceae and Pinaceae EOs; clean profile with low irritancy suggests moderate anti-inflammatory potential.
Ref: class-extrapolation from bornyl-acetate class Asteraceae/Pinaceae EOs; Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13 p.629–630
Bornyl acetate-dominant Asteraceae oils are traditionally used for bronchospasm relief; the combined bornyl acetate + borneol presence supports spasmolytic action on smooth muscle of the respiratory tract.
Ref: class-extrapolation from bornyl-acetate-class Asteraceae EOs; Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13 p.629–630
Both bornyl acetate and borneol are classified as 'non-reactive in relation to the skin' by T&Y Ch.14, making this oil suitable for topical blending at up to 5% max dermal without sensitization risk under normal use.
Ref: Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.14 — bornyl acetate 'non-reactive'; borneol 'non-reactive in relation to the skin'
AI-summary
Traditional aromatherapy use; no RCT-grade clinical evidence for Dittrichia graveolens EO specifically was located in available sources. T&Y monograph (Ch.13 p.629–630) characterizes this oil via chemistry (Badoux 2002 private communication: bornyl acetate 46.1% + borneol 15.3%) and notes both dominant constituents as 'non-reactive in relation to the skin' (Ch.14). CRITICAL: this oil must not be confused with elecampane (Inula helenium) — a taxonomically distinct species; any historical clinical claims for 'Inula' in older literature likely refer to I. helenium, NOT D. graveolens.
NarrativeTâm trạng: Balancing, Stimulating
Chakra
throat
Ngũ hành
kim
| Phương pháp | Liều lượng | Ghi chú |
|---|---|---|
| Diffusion | 3-5 drops per 100 ml water | Respiratory support; 30–60 min intervals. Camphoraceous-balsamic aroma suitable for shared spaces. Do not confuse with elecampane (Inula helenium) when labeling blends. |
| Inhalation (direct) | 1-2 drops on tissue or personal inhaler | On-demand respiratory benefit. Hold 10–15 cm from nose; 3–4 short inhalations. Supervise children aged 6+; avoid direct inhalation in children under 2. |
| Topical massage | 1-3% in carrier oil (max 5%) | Dilute in jojoba or sweet almond oil. Apply to chest and upper back (respiratory); joints and muscles (analgesic). Patch test recommended. Avoid mucous membranes. |
| Warm compress | 3-4 drops in 500 ml warm water | Soak cloth and apply to chest for congestion, or to sore muscles/joints. Apply 10–15 minutes. Suitable for adults; supervise children aged 6+. |
| Bath | 4-6 drops pre-dispersed in bath dispersant | Pre-disperse in bath salts or whole milk before adding to tub. Relaxing respiratory and muscular bath. Not for children under 6 or during pregnancy without specialist guidance. |
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