- Alpinia officinarum Hance (syn. Languas officinarum), Zingiberaceae — steam distillate from rhizomes. Common names: lesser galangal, Chinese ginger. B216 Ch.13 p.596. Widely cultivated Southeast Asia. B216 cross-references Maraba oil. Indian/Chinese culinary + TCM digestive herb (gao-liang-jiang 高良姜).
- Hazards (T&Y verbatim p.596): "Essential oils high in 1,8-cineole can cause CNS and breathing problems in young children." Contraindications (T&Y verbatim): "Do not apply to or near the face of infants or children." Inherits the 1,8-cineole pediatric-face rule (eucalyptus-cineole umbrella) because 1,8-cineole dominates at 49.6% — ABOVE the 46.9% threshold. GRAS status per Melis 1989.
- Max dermal — framework 5.0% adult general. Non-phototoxic Zingiberaceae rhizome steam distillate (zero furocoumarin pathway). Pregnancy-safe framework per T&Y p.596 explicit reasoning: "The low reproductive toxicity of 1,8-cineole, and monoterpenes such as α-pinene and (+)-limonene suggests that lesser galangal oil is not hazardous in pregnancy." Face application for infants + children under 10 = 0% (contraindicated).
- INVERSE-THRESHOLD PAIR RAIL (FIRST IN B216, CRITICAL): A. officinarum 1,8-cineole 49.6% ABOVE T&Y pediatric-face-contraindication threshold (46.9–95.0%); [[galangal-greater]] A. galanga EO729 cineole 30.2–33.6% BELOW threshold. Same genus + shared "galangal" common name + culinary interchangeability (Thai kha, Vietnamese riềng, Chinese gao-liang-jiang, Indonesian lengkuas) but DIFFERENT pediatric-face safety caps. This is the FIRST INVERSE-THRESHOLD pair documented in B216.
- Key rails: SOP Rule 14 #4 slug disambiguation
galangal-lesser(NOTgalangal— same data-integrity pattern as 13a bergamot Expressed/FCF + 15b buchu-diosphenol/pulegone + 15d cade-rectified/unrectified); EUCALYPTUS-CINEOLE UMBRELLA peer class ([[eucalyptus-cineole]] EO714 — pediatric face contraindication inherited); Zingiberaceae-rhizome family ([[finger-root]] EO718, [[galangal-greater]] EO729, [[ginger]], [[turmeric]], [[cardamom]]) — drastically different chemistries, do NOT extrapolate safety; NON-VOLATILE galangin + 1'-acetoxychavicol acetate (ACA) reside in alcoholic extract NOT EO — consumer-confusion rail (peer to [[feverfew]] parthenolide + [[coleus]] forskolin + frankincense boswellic-acid pattern); Manosroi 2005 KB IC50 0.722 + P388 IC50 0.083 mg/mL research-frontier NOT clinical anticancer claim; Lam & Zheng 1991 glutathione S-transferase induction research-frontier.
Tổng Quan
- Danh pháp khoa học
- Alpinia officinarum Hance
- Họ thực vật
- Zingiberaceae
- Bộ phận dùng
- Rhizomes
- Phương pháp chiết xuất
- steam_distillation
- Màu sắc
- —
- Phân loại nốt hương
- Nốt Top
- Hương thơm
- —
- Chemotype / Cultivar
- —
Tình trạng tại Việt Nam
Xem chi tiết
Phân loại nốt
Top
Cường độ
4/5
Độ bền trên da
2–4 giờ
Họ hương
Fresh-medicinal-camphoraceous
Hương đầu (Opening)(0–15 phút)
Penetrating medicinal clarity at the edge of eucalyptus, cool and expansive like a deep winter breath, crisp piney shimmer from the monoterpene pool, warm earthy undertone rising from the ginger-kin rhizome, brisk and purposeful on the exhale
Hương giữa (Heart)(15–60 phút)
Trong vắt và sắc lạnh như gió đỉnh núi mùa đông, toả khí y liệu nồng mở rộng lồng ngực, thoáng nhựa thông xanh lướt nhẹ phía sau, ẩn dưới là hơi ấm mộc mạc của củ riềng, dứt khoát và tỉnh người
Hương nền (Drydown)(1–4 giờ)
2–4 giờ
Cường độ hương
4/5
Da khô
2/5
Da dầu/mụn
3/5
Da lão hóa
2/5
Da thường
3/5
Da nhạy cảm
1/5
Da hỗn hợp
3/5
Nhập khẩuImported
Tên gọi tại Việt Nam
Tinh dầu Riềng Nhỏ (Lesser Galangal / Chinese Ginger)
Pha Chế & Hòa Hợp
expectorant / mucolytic
1,8-cineole (eucalyptol) at 49.6% stimulates mucociliary clearance and reduces mucus viscosity, facilitating bronchial secretion drainage via ciliary beat frequency enhancement.
Ref: class-extrapolation from eucalyptus-cineole; cineole pediatric caution documented in Melis K et al (1989); Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13 p.596
antimicrobial — broad spectrum
1,8-cineole and monoterpene hydrocarbons (α-pinene 5.8%) disrupt microbial membrane integrity and inhibit replication of Gram-positive bacteria and common fungi.
Ref: class-extrapolation from cineole-dominant Zingiberaceae oils; Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13 p.596
anti-inflammatory
1,8-cineole suppresses prostaglandin synthesis and arachidonic acid cascade metabolites, reducing local inflammatory mediator production at topical application sites.
Ref: class-extrapolation from eucalyptus-cineole; Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13 p.596
chemopreventive (in-vitro, research-frontier)
Whole EO exhibited cytotoxicity against KB oral cancer cells (IC50 0.722 mg/mL) and P388 murine leukemia cells (IC50 0.083 mg/mL) in cell-culture assays; not translatable to clinical claims.
Ref: Manosroi J, Dhumtanom P, Manosroi A (2005) Cancer Lett
antioxidant / glutathione S-transferase induction
EO constituents induced glutathione S-transferase activity in mouse liver and small intestine tissue, representing a constituent-level chemopreventive antioxidant signal.
Ref: Lam LKT, Zheng BL (1991)
digestive carminative / stomachic
As a Zingiberaceae rhizome oil, aromatic terpenoids stimulate gastric motility and reduce intestinal smooth-muscle spasm; traditional use parallels galangal-greater and ginger.
Ref: class-extrapolation from galangal-greater; Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13 p.596
stimulant / mental clarifying
High 1,8-cineole content activates cortical arousal and improves cognitive throughput via olfactory-limbic pathway, analogous to rosemary cineole-chemotype EO effects.
Ref: class-extrapolation from rosemary (cineole-CT); Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13 p.596
AI-summary
No RCT-grade clinical trials identified for galangal lesser EO in aromatherapy applications. The strongest direct evidence is in-vitro: Manosroi et al (2005, Cancer Lett) demonstrated cytotoxicity against KB oral cancer cells (IC50 0.722 mg/mL) and P388 murine leukemia cells (IC50 0.083 mg/mL) — research-frontier data only, not translatable to clinical anticancer claims. Lam & Zheng (1991) showed glutathione S-transferase induction in mouse tissues, a constituent-level chemopreventive signal. The dominant constituent 1,8-cineole (49.6%) has extensive independent clinical literature as a mucolytic and anti-inflammatory agent, but this must be treated as class-extrapolation for A. officinarum EO. CRITICAL SAFETY NOTE: 1,8-cineole 49.6% exceeds the pediatric-face threshold (>35% cineole); Melis et al (1989) documented intranasal cineole poisoning in young children — this oil must not be applied near the face or nose of children under 10.
NarrativeTâm trạng: Stimulating, Uplifting
focusclarityinvigorationalertnessresolvemental fatigue
Chakra
throat
Ngũ hành
kim
| Phương pháp | Liều lượng | Ghi chú |
|---|---|---|
| Diffusion | 3-4 drops in 100 ml diffuser water | For respiratory support and clarity. DO NOT use around children under 10 — 1,8-cineole 49.6% exceeds pediatric-face threshold (Melis 1989). Limit to 30-60 min with ventilation breaks. |
| Topical massage | 1-2.5% in carrier oil (max 5.0% adult dermal) | Use for musculoskeletal, digestive, or respiratory support. Avoid face/neck area in children under 10. Patch test advised due to α-pinene (5.8%) latent oxidation risk. |
| Steam inhalation | 2-3 drops in bowl of hot water | For respiratory congestion. Inhale 5-10 min under towel tent. Adults and children over 10 only. Not for asthmatics without practitioner guidance. |
| Compress (warm) | 3-4 drops in 500 ml warm water | For abdominal discomfort, digestive spasm, or musculoskeletal aches. Apply cloth compress to affected area for 10-15 minutes. |
| Blending (aromatic) | 0.5-2% in finished blend formulation | Spicy-medicinal-camphoraceous middle note. Pairs with citrus tops and woody bases. Add α-tocopherol 0.1% antioxidant to mitigate α-pinene oxidation per IFRA (2009). |
Dầu nền phù hợp
JojobaLiquid wax with indefinite shelf life minimizes oxidation risk from α-pinene (5.8%); virtually odorless so galangal's spicy-camphoraceous profile remains unmasked. Ideal for long-storage blends.
Sweet AlmondLight, skin-compatible emollient — suitable for digestive abdominal massage; fatty acid profile supports barrier function without excessive heaviness.
Fractionated CoconutOdorless and non-greasy; excellent for chest rubs and inhalation-prep massage where mucolytic cineole content is the primary driver; no competing oxidation risk.
SesameTraditional Ayurvedic pairing with warming Zingiberaceae rhizome oils; natural antioxidants (sesamol, sesamolin) help protect α-pinene fraction and complement warming profile.
Kết hợp tốt với
HerbaceousSpicyCitrusWoodyGreen
Blend kinh điển
—
—
—
—
[Tisserand & Young] Ch.13 p.596 (Galangal, lesser)
[Lawrence BM] 1987* — p.171–172 GC-MS composition
[Melis K et al] GRAS status + intranasal 1,8-cineole poisoning cases in young children
[Manosroi J, Dhumtanom P, Manosroi A] KB (IC50 0.722 mg/mL) + P388 (IC50 0.083 mg/mL) chemopreventive activity (in-vitro research-frontier)
[Lam LKT, Zheng BL] glutathione S-transferase induction in mouse tissues (chemopreventive constituent-level signal)
[SCCNFP] α-pinene + β-pinene + limonene peroxide opinion
[Karlberg AT et al] α-pinene peroxide contact dermatitis class (trace applicability at 5.8% α-pinene)
[IFRA] monoterpene-hydrocarbon class antioxidant addition recommendation
An Toàn
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Giới hạn IFRA
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Thai kỳ & Cho con bú
Tam cá nguyệt 1Unknown
Tam cá nguyệt 2Unknown
Tam cá nguyệt 3Unknown
Giới hạn độ tuổi
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Bảo quản
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