- Tanacetum parthenium (L.) Sch. Bip. (syn. Chrysanthemum parthenium, Asteraceae / Compositae) — steam distillate from leaves. Camphor-dominant chemotype (camphor 28.0–44.2% + (E)-chrysanthenyl acetate 22.9–30.2%).
- Hazards: Moderate neurotoxicity, based on camphor content. Contraindications (all routes): Pregnancy, breastfeeding. (T&Y verbatim p.580). Maximum adult daily oral dose 318 mg. Maximum dermal use level 10%.
- Max dermal 10% derived from T&Y Ch.14 camphor dermal limit 4.5% ÷ 44.2% worst-case camphor = 10.2% ≈ 10% whole-oil. Max oral 318 mg/day derived from camphor 2 mg/kg/day × 70 kg ÷ 44.2% = 316.7 ≈ 318 mg. Non-phototoxic (Asteraceae leaf steam distillate, no furocoumarin pathway).
- Contraindicated pregnancy + breastfeeding ALL routes — T&Y verbatim (camphor-driven neurotoxicity + historical abortifacient folk use; Asteraceae Tanacetum genus also associated with reproductive-toxicity signals).
- Key rails: EO vs HERBAL-EXTRACT CRITICAL — feverfew EO is camphor-dominant aromatherapy oil ≠ feverfew dried-leaf / parthenolide-standardized migraine supplement (Cady 2011, Diener 2005 clinical trials). Parthenolide (sesquiterpene lactone) is too heavy for atmospheric steam distillation → stays in still residue → absent from EO. Do NOT extrapolate herbal migraine efficacy to EO use. CAMPHOR-DOMINANT peer class with [[ho-leaf-camphor-ct]] 84.1% + [[lavender-spanish]] 56.2% + [[rosemary-camphor-ct]] + [[mugwort-camphor-ct]] 11.4% per T&Y Table 13.2 p.346.
Tổng Quan
- Danh pháp khoa học
- Tanacetum parthenium (L.) Sch. Bip.
- Họ thực vật
- Asteraceae
- Bộ phận dùng
- Leaves
- Phương pháp chiết xuất
- steam_distillation
- Màu sắc
- —
- Phân loại nốt hương
- Nốt Top/Middle
- Hương thơm
- —
- Chemotype / Cultivar
- —
Tình trạng tại Việt Nam
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Phân loại nốt
Top-Middle
Cường độ
4/5
Độ bền trên da
2–4 giờ
Họ hương
Camphoraceous-herbal-bitter with distinct chrysanthemum floral-herbal undertone
Hương đầu (Opening)(0–15 phút)
Piercing camphorous bite, sharp medicinal herbs, cool green chrysanthemum, waxy bright clarity, penetrating and austere
Hương giữa (Heart)(15–60 phút)
Băng não cắt lạnh sắc nét, thảo dược y tế mát lạnh, hoa cúc xanh tươi nồng nàn, sáng trắng sáp tinh khiết, xuyên thấu và khắc khổ
Hương nền (Drydown)(1–4 giờ)
2–4 giờ
Cường độ hương
4/5
Da khô
2/5
Da dầu/mụn
3/5
Da lão hóa
2/5
Da thường
3/5
Da nhạy cảm
1/5
Da hỗn hợp
3/5
Nhập khẩuImported
Tên gọi tại Việt Nam
Tinh dầu Cúc Ngải (Feverfew)
Pha Chế & Hòa Hợp
analgesic — topical counterirritant
Camphor activates TRPV1 and TRPM8 thermoreceptors, producing an initial warming followed by a cooling sensation that modulates peripheral pain perception at the application site.
Ref: Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13 p.580; Ch.14 Camphor
rubefacient
Camphor-mediated local vasodilation increases cutaneous blood flow, producing the characteristic warming flush used in muscle and joint applications.
Ref: Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.14 Camphor; Table 13.2 p.346 (high-camphor oils)
respiratory decongestant
Camphor stimulates TRPM8 cold receptors in upper-airway epithelium, promoting a sensation of improved airflow and mild secretolytic effect during steam inhalation.
Ref: Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.14 Camphor
antispasmodic
Monoterpene constituents including camphene, bornyl acetate, and pinenes contribute mild smooth muscle relaxant activity consistent with class-level evidence for Asteraceae monoterpene-rich EOs.
Ref: class-extrapolation from camphor-rich Asteraceae oils (Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13 p.580)
anti-inflammatory (limited — EO, not herbal extract)
The sesquiterpene lactone parthenolide responsible for herbal extract anti-inflammatory and migraine-prophylaxis activity is largely absent from steam-distilled EO; camphor contributes only marginal COX pathway modulation.
Ref: Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13 p.580 (EO-vs-herb distinction flagged)
insect repellent
Camphor and associated monoterpenes exert insect-deterrent effects via olfactory receptor interference, consistent with class evidence for camphor-dominant EOs.
Ref: class-extrapolation from camphor-rich monoterpene EOs (Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.14 Camphor)
AI-summary
All three human trials cited in §13 — Cady et al. 2011 (MIG-99 RCT), Diener et al. 2005 (MIG-99 RCT), and Pattrick et al. 1989 (crossover trial) — studied standardized MIG-99 feverfew HERBAL EXTRACT standardized to parthenolide content, not steam-distilled essential oil. This evidence CANNOT be extrapolated to the EO because parthenolide (the pharmacologically active sesquiterpene lactone) is largely absent from the steam distillate. No RCT-grade clinical evidence for feverfew EO specifically has been located. Topical analgesic and rubefacient claims for the EO rest on camphor constituent class-evidence (T&Y Ch.14) and traditional aromatherapy use rather than direct EO trials.
NarrativeTâm trạng: Stimulating, Balancing
clarityfocusalertnesstension-releaseinvigorationmental-freshness
Chakra
third-eye
Ngũ hành
kim
| Phương pháp | Liều lượng | Ghi chú |
|---|---|---|
| Topical massage | 1–3% in carrier oil (max 10% adult) | Blend in jojoba or fractionated coconut for analgesic massage; avoid face and mucous membranes. Contraindicated in pregnancy. Start at 1% for first use. |
| Cold compress | 3–5 drops in 500ml cold water | Apply wrung cloth to temples or forehead for tension headache. Do not apply neat. Cold compress preferred near head to avoid camphor-flush discomfort. |
| Diffusion | 3–4 drops in 100ml water | Diffuse intermittently (30 min on / 30 min off) for respiratory clearance. Avoid prolonged diffusion in small unventilated spaces due to camphor concentration. |
| Inhalation (steam) | 2–3 drops in bowl of hot water | Tent head with towel for 5–7 minutes; eyes closed. Supports upper respiratory clearance. Avoid during pregnancy or in children under 6 years (camphor). |
| Warm compress | 4–5 drops in 500ml warm water | Apply to joints or lower back for rubefacient effect; limit to 15 minutes. Avoid near face or mucous membranes. |
Dầu nền phù hợp
JojobaLiquid wax with excellent skin compatibility; neutral odor allows camphor-forward character of feverfew EO to express; long shelf life stabilizes the blend.
Fractionated coconut oilLightweight, non-greasy carrier ideal for analgesic massage blends; rapid dermal penetration aids camphor delivery to muscle and joint tissue.
Sweet almond oilModerately rich emollient suitable for muscle-relief massage; oleic acid base complements rubefacient activity of camphor-dominant blend.
Arnica-infused sunflower oilTraditional pairing for topical analgesic and anti-bruising applications; arnica sesquiterpene lactones complement the anti-inflammatory positioning of feverfew EO.
Kết hợp tốt với
HerbaceousGreenFloralWoody
Blend kinh điển
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—
—
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[Tisserand & Young] Ch.13 p.580 (Feverfew); Ch.14 Camphor; Table 13.2 p.346 (high-camphor oils)
[Lawrence BM] chemistry profile (cited in T&Y)
[Cady RK, Goldstein J, Nett R, Mitchell R, Beach ME, Browning R] MIG-99 feverfew extract migraine prophylaxis RCT (HERBAL EXTRACT, NOT EO)
[Diener HC, Pfaffenrath V, Schnitker J, Friede M, Henneicke-von Zepelin HH] MIG-99 feverfew extract migraine RCT (HERBAL EXTRACT, NOT EO)
[Pattrick M, Heptinstall S, Doherty M] feverfew crossover migraine trial (HERBAL EXTRACT)
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