Tổng Quan
- Danh pháp khoa học
- Carum carvi L.
- Họ thực vật
- Apiaceae (Umbelliferae)
- Bộ phận dùng
- Seeds (dried mature seeds/schizocarp fruits)
- Phương pháp chiết xuất
- Steam distillation
- Màu sắc
- —
- Phân loại nốt hương
- Nốt Top/Middle
- Hương thơm
- —
- Chemotype / Cultivar
- —
Tình trạng tại Việt Nam
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fresh spicy carvone-warm-aromatic European-rye-bread Eastern-European cultural-iconic gastrointestinal-clinical
tươi, cay nhẹ, carvone ấm thơm, hơi ngọt, hơi đắng nhẹ, biểu tượng cổ điển bánh mì lúa mạch châu Âu + ẩm thực Đông Âu, giống thì là nhưng ấm cay hơn (vs spearmint carvone mát-mint), dược lý đường ruột clinical, citrus nhẹ từ limonene co-major, ít mát hơn spearmint, ít hồi hơn fennel, ít ấm hơn cumin
2–4 giờ
Tên gọi tại Việt Nam
Pha Chế & Hòa Hợp
(-)-Carvone (~60% of EO) relaxes smooth muscle tone in the gastrointestinal tract, reducing bloating, flatulence, and colicky spasm; supported by a double-blind RCT using a standardized caraway-peppermint oral combination.
Ref: Madisch A et al. (2004). Digestion 69:45-52; Tisserand R, Young R (2014) p.500-501
(-)-Carvone and limonene stimulate bile flow and gastric secretion while reducing smooth-muscle tension, providing measurable relief from epigastric pain and postprandial fullness in functional dyspepsia patients.
Ref: Madisch A et al. (2004). Digestion 69:45-52
(-)-Carvone and (+)-limonene induce hepatic glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity, upregulating phase II detoxification; (-)-carvone also inhibited skin tumor formation in BALB/c mice at dietary doses.
Ref: Shwaireb MH (1993). Nutr. Cancer 19:321-325; Lam LKT, Zheng B (1991). J. Agric. Food Chem. 39:660-662
Carum carvi EO attenuated APAP-induced hepatotoxicity in rats via antioxidant modulation and suppression of oxidative-stress-driven ALT/AST elevation.
Ref: Dadkhah A et al. (2011). Toxicol. Mech. Methods 21:103-110
Volatile carvone and limonene fractions may stimulate mucociliary clearance and reduce bronchial secretion viscosity via inhalation; class-extrapolated from structurally related Apiaceae seed oils.
Ref: class-extrapolation from peppermint (Mentha × piperita); Tisserand R, Young R (2014) p.500-501
(-)-Carvone disrupts bacterial cell membrane integrity and inhibits common food-borne pathogens in vitro; human clinical evidence at aromatherapy dilutions is lacking.
Ref: class-extrapolation from spearmint (carvone-dominant peer oil); Tisserand R, Young R (2014) p.500-501
AI-summary
The strongest controlled evidence is Madisch et al. (2004), a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled multicenter trial evaluating a standardized caraway-peppermint fixed combination in 96 patients with functional dyspepsia. After 4 weeks, the preparation produced statistically significant improvements in epigastric pain and global symptom scores versus placebo (p<0.05). CRITICAL CAVEAT: results cannot be attributed exclusively to caraway — the formulation contains peppermint oil, and the route is oral ingestion, not aromatherapy topical or inhalation use. Animal studies (Shwaireb 1993; Dadkhah et al. 2011) and in vitro data (Lam & Zheng 1991) provide mechanistic support for anticarcinogenic and hepatoprotective actions but are insufficient to establish clinical aromatherapy efficacy at topical dilutions. No RCT for caraway EO applied via topical or inhalation route was identified in the provided citations.
NarrativeTâm trạng: Stimulating, Balancing
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| Phương pháp | Liều lượng | Ghi chú |
|---|---|---|
| Abdominal massage | 1-2% in carrier oil (3-6 drops per 10ml carrier) | Clockwise strokes over abdomen for bloating, colic, and flatulence. Use 1% for sensitive skin given (-)-carvone sensitization risk. Avoid in first trimester of pregnancy. |
| Diffusion | 3-5 drops per 100ml water in ultrasonic diffuser | For nausea, digestive discomfort, or mental stimulation. Limit to 30-60 min/session; ventilate room between sessions. Avoid continuous diffusion near children under 10. |
| Warm compress | 4-5 drops in 5ml carrier, applied to warm cloth | Apply to lower abdomen for cramping, colic, or bloating; 10-15 min per application. Do not apply to broken or inflamed skin. Reheat compress as needed. |
| Inhalation — personal inhaler | 2-3 drops on cotton wick | For on-the-go nausea relief or digestive discomfort. Replace wick after 2-3 weeks. Use with caution in individuals with fragrance sensitivity or asthma. |
| Bath | 4-6 drops dispersed in 15ml carrier or unscented milk | Disperse fully before entering water; 37-38°C, 15-20 min. Patch-test individuals with fragrance sensitivity before use due to (-)-carvone sensitization class-rail. |
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