Tổng Quan
- Danh pháp khoa học
- Piper betle L.
- Họ thực vật
- Piperaceae
- Bộ phận dùng
- Leaves
- Phương pháp chiết xuất
- Steam distillation
- Màu sắc
- —
- Phân loại nốt hương
- Nốt Middle
- Hương thơm
- —
- Chemotype / Cultivar
- —
Tình trạng tại Việt Nam
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spicy warm safrole-licorice-anisic eugenol-clove-classical balsamic-resinous medicinal Indian-South-Asian-cultural-warm
cay nồng, ấm, hồi cam thảo từ safrole, đinh hương cổ điển eugenol, hơi balsam nhựa, hơi dược tính, phức tạp đa-độc-tố, ít thuần đinh hương hơn bay Tây Ấn, ít ngọt hơn pimento berry, nhiều hồi hơn pimento leaf, gắn văn hóa trầu cau, ấm văn hóa Ấn-Đông Nam Á
2–4 giờ
Tên gọi tại Việt Nam
Pha Chế & Hòa Hợp
Eugenol (dominant in primary commercial CT) disrupts bacterial cell membranes and inhibits enzyme activity, conferring broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties well-documented across eugenol-class phenylpropanoid oils.
Ref: class-extrapolation from clove-bud (eugenol-DOM peer); Tisserand & Young 2014, p.473-474
Eugenol and chavibetol (alternative cultivar CT) inhibit prostaglandin synthesis via COX pathway inhibition — mechanism established for the eugenol-phenylpropanoid class; EO-specific evidence at 0.1% dilutions absent.
Ref: class-extrapolation from clove-bud/pimento-leaf (eugenol-DOM); Tisserand & Young 2014, p.473-474
Betel leaf aqueous/ethanolic plant extracts inhibited tobacco-specific nitrosamine mutagenicity in Ames test models; hydroxychavicol likely active constituent — effect for extract only, NOT confirmed for steam-distilled EO.
Ref: Bhide SV et al. 1991a (J Mol Cell Biochem); Padma PR et al. 1989b (Mutagenesis) — plant extract, not EO
Plant extract inhibited MCA-induced sarcoma (Padma 1989a) and nitrosamine carcinogenesis (Bhide 1994); Thai medicinal plant EO showed anti-proliferative on KB + P388 cell lines (Manosroi 2005) — not confirmed at aromatherapy-grade dilutions.
Ref: Manosroi J et al. 2005 (Cancer Letters); Bhide SV et al. 1994 (Cancer Lett.); Padma PR et al. 1989a (Cancer Lett.)
Traditional Ayurvedic, Vietnamese, and Southeast Asian pharmacopoeia classify betel leaf as warming and stimulating; eugenol and chavibetol may contribute via TRPV1 receptor activation — class-extrapolated, no EO-specific controlled data.
Ref: Tisserand & Young 2014, p.473-474; class-extrapolation from eugenol-class phenylpropanoid oils
Eugenol is a well-established oral antiseptic and dental analgesic (ZOE cement); betel leaf EO eugenol-CT carries antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens including S. mutans — extensively documented for the eugenol constituent.
Ref: class-extrapolation from clove-bud (eugenol-DOM dental analgesic); Lawrence BM 2005, p.54
AI-summary
No RCT-grade clinical evidence exists specifically for betel leaf essential oil in aromatherapy applications. Available research (Bhide 1991a/b, 1994; Padma 1989a/b) used aqueous or ethanolic plant extracts, not the steam-distilled EO, focused on antimutagenic/anticarcinogenic properties against tobacco-specific nitrosamines. Manosroi et al. (2005) demonstrated anti-proliferative activity of Thai medicinal plant EOs including betel leaf on KB and P388 cancer cell lines in vitro. IARC (2004) Group 1 carcinogen classification applies to habitual betel-quid chewing (areca nut + betel leaf + slaked lime ± tobacco) and is NOT applicable to aromatherapeutic use of the diluted EO. Traditional aromatherapy use; no RCT-grade clinical evidence located for the steam-distilled EO at aromatherapy dilutions.
NarrativeTâm trạng: Stimulating, Grounding
Chakra
solar
Ngũ hành
hoa
| Phương pháp | Liều lượng | Ghi chú |
|---|---|---|
| Diffusion / Aromatic inhalation | 1-2 drops in 100ml water in diffuser | Safest route avoiding 0.1% dermal cap. Sessions 15-20 min; ventilate well. Pairs with citrus or spice EOs. Không dùng cho trẻ dưới 10 tuổi hoặc phụ nữ có thai. |
| Topical massage (specialist use only) | 1 drop in 50ml carrier oil (~0.1% absolute maximum) | Patch-test mandatory — eugenol sensitization risk. Avoid face, mucous membranes, broken skin. Contraindicated: pregnant, breastfeeding, under 10. Avoid daily repeat. |
| Steam inhalation | 1 drop in bowl of hot water; inhale 5-8 minutes | Keep eyes closed. Avoid in asthma without supervision; not for under 10. EO-vs-PLANT note: traditional use involves fresh leaves with different phytochemical profile. |
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